chemistry

1 which ion has the same electronic configuration as cl’?
a f b p* ¢ se d si*

2 compounds j and k each contain 40% carbon by mass.
what could j and k be?
ee ee ee
a a hexose, cgh120¢ starch, (ceh1005)n
b a pentose, c5h1,o; a hexose, cgh;20,
cc a pentose, cs5h1905 sucrose, c12h2201,
d starch, (cgh100s), sucrose, cy2h2201,

3 [two moles of compound p were placed in a sealed container. |he container was heated and p
was partially decomposed to produce q and r only. a dynamic equilibrium between p, q and r
was established.

at equilibrium x moles of r were present and the total number of moles present was [2 + 4 :
what is the equation for this reversible reaction?

a p=2q+r

b 2p = 2q+r

c 2p=q+t+r

d 2p =q+2r

4 the boiling points of methane, ethane, propane and butane are given.
which statement explains the increase in boiling point from methane to butane?
a closer packing of molecules results in stronger van der waals’ forces.
b_ more covalent bonds are present and therefore more energy is required to break the bonds.
c_ more electrons in the molecules results in stronger van der waals’ forces.
d more hydrogen atoms in the molecules results in stronger hydrogen bonding.

3 ~the characteristic smell of garlic is due to alllin.
h h oo nh,
| ly | /2
x r= ss a
h co,h
alliin
what are the approximate bond angles x, y and z in a molecule of alliin?
pope | vy le
a 90° 90° 109°
b 120° 109° 90°
cc 120° 120° 109°
d 180° 109° 109°

6 which gas sample contains the fewest molecules?
a 1.00dm* of carbon dioxide at 27°c and 2.0kpa
b_ 1.00dm? of hydrogen at 100°c and 2.0kpa
c  1.00dm? of nitrogen at 300°c and 4.0kpa
d  1.00dm? of oxygen at 250°c and 3.0kpa

7 a student mixed 25.0cm? of 4.00moldm™® hydrochloric acid with an equal volume of
4.00moldm™® sodium hydroxide. the initial temperature of both solutions was 15.0°c. the
maximum temperature recorded was 30.0°c.

using these results, what is the enthalpy change of neutralisation of hydrochloric acid?
a -62.7kjmol"
b -31.4kjmol"
c -15.7kjmol*
d -3.14kjmol"

8 hmoc/i(aq) is the molecule that kills bacteria when chlorine is added to water.
the following reaction produces this molecule.
cla(g) + h2o0(i) == hoci(aq) + h*(aq) + cl-(aq)
which statement about this reaction is correct?
a_ chlorine is both oxidised and reduced.
b_~ chlorine is oxidised but not reduced.
c_ hydrogen is both oxidised and reduced.
d_ hydrogen is oxidised but not reduced.

9 all the reactants and products of an exothermic reaction are gaseous.

which statement about this reaction is correct?

a the total bond energy of the products is less than the total bond energy of the reactants, and
ah for the reaction is negative.

b_ the total bond energy of the products is less than the total bond energy of the reactants, and
ah for the reaction is positive.

c_ the total bond energy of the products is more than the total bond energy of the reactants,
and ah for the reaction is negative.

d_ the total bond energy of the products is more than the total bond energy of the reactants,
and ah for the reaction is positive.

10 oxidation of ethanedioate ions by acidified manganate(vii) ions is very slow at room
temperature.
2mno, + 5c,0,7 + 16h* — 2mn** + 10co, + 8h,o
mn” ions catalyse this reaction.
which graph shows how the concentration of acidified manganate(vii) ions varies after
ethanedioate ions are added?
a b
concentration concentration
of mno,” of mno,”
time time
cc d
concentration concentration
of mno,” of mno,”
time time

11 ammonia is manufactured from nitrogen and hydrogen using the haber process.
n2(g) + 3h2(g) == 2nh3(g)
what is the expression for k, for this equilibrium?
a 2[nh3(9)]
[n,(g)] + 3[h2(9)]
b 2[nh,(9)]
[n,(9)] x 3[h2(g)]
c _inh)f
[n2(g)] + [h2(g)p
p __inh(9)?
[n2(g)] x [ha(g)p

12 the electrical conductivities of two compounds, y and z, are shown in the table.
ee ee
conductivity of the compound ood does not
in the liquid state 9 conduct
conductivity of the mixture obtained ead ead
by adding the compound to water 9 g
what could compounds y and z be?
pop oy
a al203 sicl,
b naf al2,03
cc naf sicl,
d sicl, al203

13 which reagent, when mixed with ammonium sulfate and then heated, liberates ammonia?
a aqueous bromine
b_ dilute hydrochloric acid
c_limewater
d potassium dichromate(vi) in acidic solution

14 why does barium react more rapidly with cold water than magnesium does?
a_ barium atoms are larger and form ions more easily than magnesium atoms.
b_ barium floats on the surface of the water but magnesium sinks in the water.
c barium hydroxide is less soluble than magnesium hydroxide.
d the sum of the 1st and 2nd ionisation energies of barium is more than that for magnesium.

15 the magnitude of property x of five elements from the third period of the periodic table, p, q, r,
s and t is shown. p, q, r, s and t have consecutive atomic numbers. the letters do not
represent the symbols of the elements.

ss
xx
gv «eh
pe at
atomic number
which row correctly identifies property x and element r?
a electrical conductivity al
b electronegativity si
cc melting point al
d melting point si

16 some uses of chlorine and bromine are given.
which is a use of bromine?
a making bleaches for textiles and the paper industry
b= making cfcs
c_ making flame retardants and fire extinguishers
d_ making the polymer pvc

17 in an experiment, 0.600mol of chlorine gas, cl2, is reacted with an excess of hot aqueous
sodium hydroxide. one of the products is nac1os3.
which mass of nac1o3 is formed?
a 21.3g b 44.7g c 63.9g d 128g

18 z is an anhydrous compound of a group 2 element. when it is heated, z undergoes thermal
decomposition to produce two different gases. z has relatively low thermal stability compared to
other group 2 compounds containing the same anion as z.

what is compound z?

a barium carbonate

b _ barium nitrate

c magnesium carbonate
d magnesium nitrate

19 methylamine, ch3nh2, has very similar chemical properties to ammonia, nh3.
methylamine reacts with hydrogen chloride to form a_ white crystalline — salt,
methylammonium chloride.
ch3nh, + hcl — ch3nh3*°ci-
a sample of methylammonium chloride is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
what are the products?
a ammonia, sodium chloride and water
b ammonia, sodium hydrogencarbonate and sodium chloride
c_ methylamine, hydrogen chloride and water
d_ methylamine, sodium chloride and water

20 structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question.
how many isomers with the formula c,h, have structures that contain a x bond?
a 1 b 2 cc 3 d 4

21 kerosene is used as an aircraft fuel. q is one of the molecules in kerosene and has the skeletal
formula shown.
q
other structural isomers of this molecule are also found in kerosene.
which structure is a structural isomer of q?
a b cc d

22 \wvnichn radical is most likely to form by the homolytic fission of one covalent bond in
bromochloromethane, ch2brcl?
a *ch2c1 b +ch,br c  *chbrcl d +*ch,brcl

23 propene undergoes a variety of reactions.
which row is correct?
[| reagent added opropene | reduce |
a br.(aq) 1-bromopropane
b cold, dilute, acidified kmno,(aq) propanoic acid
cc hbr(g) 2-bromopropane
d hot, concentrated, acidified kmno,(aq) propanoic acid

24 polymerisation of ethene gives poly(ethene).
how does the bonding between carbon atoms in poly(ethene) compare with that in ethene?
a longer and stronger in poly(ethene)
b_ longer and weaker in poly(ethene)
c shorter and stronger in poly(ethene)
d _ shorter and weaker in poly(ethene)

25 diols in which both hydroxy groups are bonded to the same carbon can spontaneously eliminate
a molecule of water to produce a carbonyl compound.
which compound, after complete hydrolysis, gives a positive reaction with tollens’ reagent?
a 1,1-dibromobutane
b1,2-dibromobutane
c 1,3-dibromobutane
d  2,2-dibromobutane

26 propan-2-ol undergoes many reactions.
which row is correct?
[seats [me
a acidified kmno, ch3ch,cho
b cle ch3chcichs
cc conc. h2so,4 ch3chch2
d methanoic acid hco,ch2ch2ch3

27 ethane-1,2-diol has the following structure.
h
+: em
w—t_o-n
‘
without breaking the c—c bond, there are five possible oxidation products.
what is the total number of aldehyde groups and carboxylic acid groups in these five products?
[| =eho | coon |
a 3 3
b 3 4
cc 4 3
d 4 4

28 chsch,coch2ch; reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form an organic product called a
cyanohydrin.
which statement is correct?
a the cyanohydrin product has one chiral centre.
b_ the cyanohydrin product is formed by electrophilic addition.
c_ the cyanohydrin product is formed via an intermediate which contains a c-oh group.
d_ the formation of the cyanohydrin product requires the use of cyanide ions as a catalyst.

29 compound x, chsch(oh)ch(cho)chs, is heated under reflux with an excess of acidified
k2cr207 to form compound y.
both x and y are separately warmed with fehling’s solution and the observations noted.
what are the observations?
a both x and y give a red precipitate.
b only x gives a red precipitate.
c_ only y gives a red precipitate.
d_ neither x nor y gives a red precipitate.

30 which two compounds can react together to produce an ester?
a b
inl . a os fm - nw
oh o @h a
cc d
ho o 0
oh + i2vlw a ak
d> : ( o oh
ho oh

31 nitrogen and phosphorus are both in group 15 of the periodic table. phosphorus forms a
chloride with the formula pc1; but nitrogen does not form nc1s.
which statements help to explain this?
1 nitrogen’s outer shell cannot contain more than eight electrons.
2 nitrogen cannot have an oxidation state of +5.
3 nitrogen is less electronegative than phosphorus.

32 when a sample of a gas is compressed at constant temperature from 1500kpa to 6000 kpa, its
volume changes from 76.0cm? to 20.5cm’.
which statements are possible explanations for this result?
1 the gas does not behave ideally.
2 the gas partially liquefies.
3 some of the gas is lost from the container.

33 which of these statements are always correct?
1 the sum of the oxidation numbers of all the atoms in a compound is zero.
2. the oxidation number of sodium in a salt is positive.
3. the oxidation number of chlorine in a compound is negative.

34 sulfur dioxide and oxygen react in the gas phase.
2s0.(g) + o2(g) = 2s03(g) ah = -197kj mol
which statements are correct?
1 increasing the pressure increases the equilibrium yield of sos.
2 increasing the temperature lowers the value of the equilibrium constant kp.
3. the presence of a vanadium(v) oxide catalyst increases the equilibrium yield of sos.

35 three test-tubes, x, y, and z, each contain a small amount of water.
e asmall amount of naclis added to test-tube x.
e asmall amount of sicl, is added to test-tube y.
e asmall amount of aic13 is added to test-tube z.
after a short time, two drops of universal indicator solution are added to each test-tube.
which observations are made?
1 the indicator added to test-tube x stays green.
2 the indicator added to test-tube y turns red.
3. the indicator added to test-tube z turns red.

36 sodium chloride and sodium iodide react with concentrated sulfuric acid.
which statements are correct?
1 sodium chloride is not oxidised by concentrated sulfuric acid.
2  nocolour change is seen when concentrated sulfuric acid is added to sodium chloride.
3 sodium iodide is oxidised by concentrated sulfuric acid.

37 which compounds can be obtained from but-2-ene in a single reaction?
1. ch3ch(oh)ch(oh)chs
2 ch3ch(oh)ch2ch3
3  ch;coh

38 which statements help to explain the mechanism of the reaction between 1-cnioropropane and
ammonia?
1. 1-chloropropane has a 5- chlorine atom that forms hydrogen bonds with a 6+ hydrogen atom
in ammonia.
2. 1-chloropropane is a polar compound with a 5+ carbon atom.
3. there is a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom in ammonia.

39 which compounds react with alkaline aqueous iodine to give a pale yellow precipitate of
tri-iodomethane?
1. butanone
2 ethanal
3. propan-2-ol

40 propanoic acid occurs naturally as a result of the bacterial fermentation of milk and is partly
responsible for the flavour of swiss cheese.
oo

a

propanoic acid
which starting materials can be used to produce propanoic acid?
1. ch3ch2ch20h
2 chsch2zcho
3. chsch2cn

Solve 9701_m17_qp_12