chemistry

1. which molecule contains six bonding electrons?
a coh, b hs c nci; d sf.
ee ee

2 he mass spectrum of a sample of lithium snows tnat it contains two isotopes, “li and ‘li.
the isotopic abundances are shown in the table.
"li 92.58%
what is the relative atomic mass of this sample of lithium, given to three significant figures?
a 6.07 b 6.50 c 6.90 d 6.93
a

3 a sports medal has a total surface area of 150cm*. it was evenly coated with silver by
electrolysis. its mass increased by 0.216g.
how many atoms of silver were deposited per cm? on the surface of the medal?
a 8.0x 10% b 1.8x 10" c 8.7 x 107 d 1.2 x 107!

4 which property of an atom does not affect its first ionisation energy?
a the atomic radius
b_ the number of electron shells
c_ the number of neutrons
d_ the number of protons

5 which molecule has the largest overall dipole?
a b c d
h ch, ch, cl hc cl
\ 7 / jf \_#
c=c o=c o=c c=c
/ \ ‘ % f *
h ch, ch, cl cl ch,

6 the complete combustion of 2moles of a straight chain alkane produces 400dm* of
carbon dioxide measured at 301k and 1 x 10°pa. carbon dioxide can be assumed to behave as
an ideal gas under these conditions.

what is the formula of the straight chain alkane?
a ceghig b cygh34 cc coh a2 d cuohge

7 which expression gives the standard enthalpy change of combustion of methane?
a ah?(cha4) + ah?(co2) — 2ah?(h20)
b  ah9(co) + 2ah%(h2o) + ah3(ch,)
c  ah?(ch4) + 2ah2(h20) — ahf(coz)
d ah$(co2) + 2ah?(h20) — ah#(cha,)

8 solutions containing chlorate(i) ions are used as household bleaches and disinfectants. these
solutions decompose on heating as shown.
3cl10° > clo3s + 2cl”
which oxidation state is shown by chlorine in each of these three ions?
[ [eo | eror [or]
a +1 +3 -1
b -1 +3 +1
cc +1 +5 -1
d -1 +5 +1

9 when k2mnqo,j is dissolved in water, the following reaction occurs.
amno,* (aq) + bh2o(i) > cmnog(aq) + dmno,(s) + eoh (aq)
what are the values of a and c in the balanced chemical equation?
| [oe | ie
a 2 1
b 3 2
cc 4 3
d 5 4

10 methanol can be produced from hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
2h2(g) + co(g) == ch30h(g)
what is the expression for k, for this reaction?
a ky= (2py, x pco
pcu,0h
b k,= (py, ) x peo
pch,0h
c kp= si
(px, x poo
d k,= pcu,0h :
pco x (2p4, )

11 when 4g of powdered calcium carbonate, m,= 100, were added to 100cm° of 0.10moldm™~
hydrochloric acid the volume of carbon dioxide produced was recorded.
liners | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 180 | 100 | ato | 200 |
total volume of carbon | 4o | zo | a8 | 101 | 110 | 116 | 120 | 120
dioxide given off/cm
which row gives the correct explanations about these results?
why the rate of the ‘
| reaction changes with time i ae
a fewer collisions between the calcium carbonate is used up
reacting molecules occur
b fewer collisions between the hydrochloric acid is used up
reacting molecules occur
cc more collisions between the calcium carbonate is used up
reacting molecules occur
d more collisions between the hydrochloric acid is used up
reacting molecules occur

12 why is the second ionisation energy of sodium larger than the second ionisation energy of
magnesium?
a_ the attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron is greater in na* than in mg’.
b_ the nuclear charge of na’ is greater than that of mg’.
c_ the outer electron of na’ is more shielded than the outer electron of mg’.
d_ the outer electron of na is in the same orbital as the outer electron of mg.

13. which graph correctly shows the relative melting points of the elements mg, al, si and p plotted
against their relative electronegativities?
a b
si
al ©
[)
melting point |mg si melting point mg al
© © © ©
p bp
© ©
electronegativity electronegativity
cc d
si
0)
al
(}
melting point al mg melting point mg
© © ®
si
leg p ®
[) (0)
electronegativity electronegativity

14 an excess of mgo is shaken with water. the resulting mixture is filtered into test-tube x.
an excess of bao is shaken with water. the resulting mixture is filtered into test-tube y.
which oxide reacts more readily with water and which filtrate has the lower ph?
[sara |

readily with water filtrate of lower ph
a barium oxide x
b barium oxide ¥
[e magnesium oxide x
d magnesium oxide y

19 samples of magnesium carbonate, mgcqo3, are placed in crucibles r and s. [he sample in
crucible r is heated until there is no further loss in mass, and then allowed to cool. the sample in
crucible s is left unheated.

dilute hydrochloric acid is then added to both crucibles.
on adding the dilute hydrochloric acid, which observations are correct?
a ee

a gas produced gas produced

b gas produced no gas produced

cc no gas produced gas produced

d no gas produced no gas produced

16 which statement about nitrogen or its compounds is correct?
a_ in the haber process the temperature is kept high to give a good equilibrium yield of
ammonia.
b_ nitrogen gas is unreactive because of the strong nitrogen-nitrogen double bond.
c_ nitrogen monoxide will react with carbon monoxide under suitable conditions.
d_ the formula of ammonium sulfate is nh4so,.

17 when concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with sodium iodide the products include sulfur, iodine,
hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide.
which statement is correct?
a_ hydrogen sulfide is the product of a reduction reaction.
b__lodide ions are stronger oxidising agents than sulfate ions.
c sulfur atoms from the sulfuric acid are both oxidised and reduced.
d sulfur atoms from the sulfuric acid are oxidised to make sulfur dioxide.

18 a solution of sodium hydroxide reacts with 3 mol of chlorine under certain conditions. the reaction
produces 5 mol of sodium chloride and 1 mol of x, the only other chlorine-containing product.
what is the formula of compound x?

a naclo b naclo, c naclo; d naclo,

19 redox reactions are common in the chemistry of group 17.
which statement is correct?
a br ions will reduce cl, but not ip.
b cl» will oxidise br- ions but not i” ions.
c_ fy, is the weakest oxidising agent out of f2, cl2, bro and ip.
dt ions are the weakest reducing agent out of f°, cl’, br andt.

20 structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question.
each of the following carbonyl compounds is reacted with nabh,. the product of each reaction is
heated with al,o3 at 600°c, generating one product or a mixture of isomers.

which carbonyl compound will produce the most isomers?
a _butanal

b_butanone

c_pentan-3-one

d_propanone

21 the drug cortisone has the formula shown.
oh
oh
ie) )
*
[e)

in addition to those chiral centres marked by an asterisk (*), how many other chiral centres are
present in the cortisone molecule?

a 0 b 1 cc 2 d 3

22 an alkene is reacted with aciditied manganate( vii) lons, mno, . [he desired organic product has
a relative molecular mass greater than that of the alkene by 34.
what conditions should be used?
a cold, concentrated mno,”
b_ cold, dilute mno,”
c hot, concentrated mno,”
d hot, dilute mno,”

23 the diagram shows a short length of an addition polymer chain.
h h h h
tei t
pha
the polymer has a relative molecular mass of approximately 10000.
approximately how many monomer units are joined together in each polymer molecule?
a 180 b 360 c 625 d 710

24 lactide is an intermediate in the manufacture of a synthetic fibre.
;eoq
[e) (6)
lactide
which compound, on heating with an acid catalyst, can produce lactide?
a _hydroxyethanoic acid
b= 2-hydroxybutanoic acid
c  2-hydroxypropanoic acid
d  3-hydroxypropanoic acid

25 diols in which both hydroxy groups are bonded to the same carbon atom spontaneously eliminate
a molecule of water to produce a carbonyl compound.
which compound is hydrolysed to form a product that gives a positive reaction with
2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine but not with fehling’s reagent?
a §1,1-dibromopropane
b_ 1,2-dibromopropane
c  1,3-dibromopropane
d = 2,2-dibromopropane

26 xand y are the reagents required to convert 1-bromopropane into butanoic acid.
h h h h h h h h h fe)
| | | x | | | y | | | g&
ee en ne ees
h h h h h h h h h oh
what are the correct identities of x and y?
ee ee ee
a nh3 hcl(aq)
b kcn in c2hsoh naoh(aq)
cc kcn in c2hs0h hcl(aq)
d hcn naoh(aq)

27 q is a compound with the molecular formula c4hic00. q can be oxidised with acidified
potassium dichromate(vi). q cannot be made by reducing a carboxylic acid with lialh,.
what is the structure of q?
a ch3ch(oh)ch2ch3
b  ch3ch2ch2ch2oh
c (chs3)3;coh
d (ch3)2,cchch20h

28 a sample of 2.30g of ethanol was mixed with an excess of aqueous acidified potassium
dichromate(vi). the reaction mixture was then boiled under reflux for one hour. the required
organic product was then collected by distillation. the yield of product was 60.0%.

which mass of product was collected?
a 1.32g b_ 1.389 c 1.80g d 3.00g

29 which compound gives a positive test with alkaline aqueous iodine and does not show optical
isomerism?
a  ch3coch2ch20h
b  ch3ch2,ch(oh)cho
c ch3scoch(oh)ch3
d  (chs3)2c(oh)cho

30 citral is found in lemongrass oil. it can react to give compound w.
cho
an excess of " hot, concentrated wy
— -
h,/ni acidified manganate(vii)
under reflux
citral
what could compound w be?
a b cc d
cho co,h co,h
o |
co,h
co,h

31 beams of charged particles are deflected by an electric field. in identical conditions the angle of
deflection of a particle is proportional to its charge/mass ratio.
in an experiment, protons are deflected by an angle of +15°. in another experiment under
identical conditions, particle y is deflected by an angle of —5°.
what could be the composition of particle y?
[| arsons [nests [ tarons |
1 2 z
3 3 5
4 5 1

32 graphene, graphite and the fullerene cg are allotropes of carbon.
which statements are correct for all three of these allotropes of carbon?
1 delocalised electrons are present in the structure.
2 all bond angles are 120°.
3 it has a giant molecular crystalline lattice structure.

33 areaction between carbon and oxygen is shown.
c(s) + 302(g) > co(g)
how can the enthalpy change of this reaction be described correctly?
1. enthalpy change of formation
2 enthalpy change of combustion
3 enthalpy change of atomisation

34 which changes can be used to measure the rates of chemical reactions?
1 the decrease in concentration of a reactant per unit time
2 the rate of appearance of a product
3 the increase in total volume per unit time at constant pressure

35 which statements describe a trend in period 3 between every pair of adjacent elements from
sodium to chlorine?
1. the atomic radius decreases.
2 the 1st ionisation energy decreases.
3 the melting point decreases.

36 xis either nitrogen or sulfur and forms pollutant oxide y in a car engine.
further oxidation of y to z occurs in the atmosphere. in this further oxidation, 1mol of y reacts
with 0.5 mol of gaseous oxygen molecules.
which statements about x, y and z can be correct?
1 the oxidation number of x increases by two from y to z.
2  y hasan unpaired electron in its molecule.
3  y isa polar molecule.

37 p and q are a pair of cis-trans isomers.
what must be the same for p and q?
1 their empirical formula
2 their functional groups
3 their skeletal formula

38 the following statements are about the reaction of naoh(aq) with the three chloroalkanes
shown.
ch3ch2zchcich3 (ch3)2chch2c1 (ch3)3cc1l
which statements are correct?
1. (chs)2chch2c1 reacts with naoh(aq) by an sy2 mechanism.
2 the tertiary chloroalkane reacts more quickly than the others because the carbon atom
bonded to the cl atom is more positive in this molecule.
3 the clatoms in the three chloroalkanes are attacked by oh.

39 for which reactions are the colour changes described correctly?
[reasons eure
pentanal + hot, acidified potassium dichromate(vi) orange to green
pentan-2-one + warm fehling’s reagent no change
cyclohexane + cold, acidified potassium manganate(vii) purple to colourless

40 which statements about ethanol and ethanoic acid are correct’?
1 both react with a suitable reagent to form an ester.
2 both react with sodium.
3. both are soluble in water.

Solve 9701_s17_qp_11