chemistry

1 manganese and nitrogen can show a range of different oxidation states.
calculate the sum of the oxidation states of mn and n in each row of the table.
in which row is this sum the smallest?
sac wie
species species

a mncl, no

b mnco3 no.

cc k2mno, nh,"

d mn(oh)3 nh,0h

2 the mass spectrum of an alloy of copper and gold is shown.
607 56.36
50
40
percentage 30
abundance 25.14
20 18.50
10
0
6365 197
mie
which expression can be used to calculate the relative atomic mass, a,, of copper present in this
sample?
a (56.36 x 63)+(25.14 x 65)
(56.36 + 25.14 + 18.50)
b (56.36 x 63)+(25.14 x 65)+(18.50 x 197)
(56.36 + 25.14 + 18.50)
c (56.36 x 63)+(25.14 x 65)
(56.36 + 25.14)
d (56.36 x 63)+(25.14 x 65)
(63 +65)

3 which atom has exactly three unpaired electrons?
a anisolated gaseous aluminium atom
b_ anisolated gaseous carbon atom
c_ anisolated gaseous chromium atom
d_anisolated gaseous phosphorus atom

4 element w is in period three of the periodic table and has a solid, white oxide, x. x is thermally
stable and has a very high melting point.
x is slightly soluble in water.
which row describes the structure and bonding of x?
| arvctre toni |
a giant covalent
three dimensional lattice
b strong double bonds covalent
within small molecules
cc giant ionic
three dimensional lattice
d strong ionic bonds ionic
within small molecules

5 ethane, ch3;ch3, and fluoromethane, ch3f, have the same number of electrons in their
molecules.
their boiling points are given.
what is responsible for this difference in boiling points?
a chf has a larger m, than ch3chs.
b chf has a permanent dipole, ch3;ch3 does not.
c chf has a strong c-f bond, ch3chs3 does not.
d_ hydrogen bonding occurs in chsf, but not in ch3chs.

6 the reaction pathway diagram for a chemical reaction is shown.
/ zo
progress of reaction
which statement is correct?
a the activation energy of the forward reaction and the enthalpy change of the backward
reaction have the same sign.
b_ the activation energy of the forward reaction is more than twice the enthalpy change of the
backward reaction and opposite in sign.
c_ the enthalpy change of the forward reaction and the activation energy of the backward
reaction have the same sign.
d_ the enthalpy change of the forward reaction is more than twice the activation energy of the
backward reaction.

7 what changes in conditions or molecular properties make it more likely that gases approach ideal
behaviour?
a higher pressure
blower temperature
c more polar molecules
d_ weaker intermolecular forces

8 ethanol can be oxidised to ethanal by dilute acidified dichromate(vi) ions.
the oxidation reaction equation is c;jh30h —> c2h,o + 2h* + 2e.
the reduction reaction equation is crso077 + 14h* + 6e — 2cr** + 7h,o.
which equation is correct?
a cr,0;7 + 8h* + 3c;h;0h > 2cr** + 7h,o + 3c,h,o
b cro;7 + 12h* + czhs0h —> 2cr** + 7h2o + coh,o
c cr0,* + 12h* + 3c2h3;0h > 2cr** + 6h20 + 3c2hso
d cro;? + 14h* + 3c2hssoh > 2cr** + 6h2o + 3c2h,o

9 what is the correct expression for k, for the reaction shown?
i,(aq) + 2fe**(aq) == 2i-(aq) + 2fe**(aq)
a [2i-][2fe?*] b [i-?[fes*]2 cc [l,][2fe?*] d [l][fe2*]*
[l,][2fe?*] [i,][fe?*? [21-][2fe**] [-p[fe*?

10 xand y react together to form z in a reversible reaction.
the equilibrium yield of z is lower at higher temperature.
the equilibrium yield of z is lower at lower pressure.
which equation could represent this reaction?

a x(g) + y(g) = z(g) ah =-100kj mol"
b x(g) + y(g) = z(g) ah=+100kj mot"
c x(s) + y(g) = 2z(g) ah =-100kjmol*
d x(s) + y(g) = 2z(g) ah=+100kj mol"

11. the volume of carbon dioxide collected by reacting 0.100mol of magnesium carbonate with
50.0cm? of 1.00moldm® sulfuric acid is measured against time. the volume produced is plotted
against time and the line labelled p on the graph is obtained.

q
volume of
co,/cm3 p
0
0 time/s

the experiment is repeated using 0.100 mol of the same magnesium carbonate, and a different
sample of acid. all other conditions remain the same. plotting these results gives the line labelled
q.
which sample of acid could give the line labelled q?
a 100cm* of 0.500 moldm® sulfuric acid
b  100cm? of 1.00moldm® sulfuric acid
c 200cm* of 0.500 moldm™ hydrochloric acid
d 200cmi? of 1.00 moldm™ hydrochloric acid

12 sodium and sulfur react together to form sodium sulfide, na2s.
how do the atomic radius and ionic radius of sodium compare with those of sulfur?
[| stemicredus | ienicreius |
a sodium < sulfur sodium > sulfur
b sodium < sulfur sodium < sulfur
cc sodium > sulfur sodium > sulfur
d sodium > sulfur sodium < sulfur

13 which graph represents the variation in electronegativity for period 3 elements?
a b

14 dilute hydrochloric acid is added to solid barium carbonate and solid magnesium carbonate in
separate test-tubes.
dilute sodium hydroxide is added to 0.1moldm~® barium chloride and 0.1moldm™ magnesium
chloride in separate test-tubes.
which row is correct?
baco,(s) bacl.(aq) mgco3(s) mgcl,(aq)
+ hcl(aq) + naoh(aq) + hcl(aq) + naoh(aq)
a no change white ppt no change no change
b effervescence no change effervescence no change
cc effervescence no change effervescence white ppt
d effervescence white ppt effervescence white ppt
lee

15 river water in an agricultural area contains nh4, cq3°, hco3, cl” and no3 ions. in a water
treatment plant, this water is treated by adding a calculated quantity of calcium hydroxide.
what is precipitated from the river water when calcium hydroxide is added?
a cacl, b caco; c ca(nosz)2 d nh,oh

16 the solids sodium chloride and sodium iodide both react with concentrated sulfuric acid at room
temperature.
with nacl, the products are nahso, and hcl.
with nal, the products are nahsoag, hi, in, so2, h20, s and h2s.
what is the explanation for this difference in products?
a_ chloride ions will displace iodine from solution.
b_ hydrogen chloride is more volatile than hydrogen iodide.
c __lodide ions are better reducing agents than chloride ions.
d_ sulfuric acid is able to act as a dehydrating agent with nal.

17 an aqueous solution of a calcium compound is treated with a mixture of dilute aqueous nitric acid
and aqueous silver nitrate. the resulting white precipitate dissolves when dilute aqueous
ammonia is added.

what is the relative molecular mass, m,, of the calcium compound?
a 54.0 b 75.6 cc 111.1 d 199.9

18 which statement about the ammonium ion is correct?
a_ltcan act as a bronsted-lowry base.
b_ it can react with oh to give ammonia.
c_itis pyramidal with bond angles of 107°.
d_ the nitrogen atom is sp” hybridised.

19 in acatalytic converter 5.6 g of carbon monoxide reacts with an excess of nitrogen monoxide.
what is produced in this reaction?
a 2.4g of c and 6.0g of noz2
b  2.4g of c and 9.2g of no2
c 8.8g of coz and 1.4g of no
d 8.8g of coz2 and 2.8g of no

20 the finkelstein reaction occurs when nal in propanone reacts with a chloroalkane or
bromoalkane. the halogen is directly replaced by i. the reaction only works for primary
halogenoalkanes.

which halogenoalkane produces compound x?
xx
i ili a:
a (ch3)2,chch(ch3)ch2ch2br
b  (chs)2,chch(ch3)ch2br
c (ch3)z,chch,ch,ch(ch3)c1
d (ch3)2,chch,ch(ch3)ch2c1

21 the diagram shows the skeletal formula of compound y.
id
oho
o—{ )-on
what is the empirical formula of y?
a cho b cho, c cho d c4h4o,

22 in polymer z every carbon atom in the polymer chain is bonded to one hydrogen atom and one
methyl group.
which alkene could be polymerised to make polymer z?
a but-1-ene
b _but-2-ene
c_ methylpropene
d_propene

23 which compound would produce a carboxylic acid and a ketone when treated with hot,
concentrated acidified manganate(vii) ions?
a b cc d

24 water is added to a sample of 2,3-dibromohexane.
some of the 2,3-dibromohexane undergoes complete hydrolysis and some of it undergoes partial
hydrolysis.
what is not present in the mixture of products?
a  ch3ch(oh)chbrch2ch2chs3
b  ch3ch(oh)ch(oh)ch2ch2ch3
c ch3ch2zch(oh)ch(oh)ch2ch3
d ch3ch2ch2ch(oh)chbrchs

25 which statement about the mechanism of an sy1 reaction of a halogenoalkane is correct?
a a nucleophile is substituted by an electrophile.
b_- one intermediate is formed from two reacting molecules.
c_ the intermediate is stabilised by adjacent alkyl groups.
d_ the intermediate is uncharged.

26 structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question.
which isomer of cgh;30h gives the greatest number of different alkenes when it is dehydrated?
a b
ch,
an, ane ch,—ch,—ch,— ch—ch,— ch,
bu, bn
c d
ch, ch,
a, —+—25—er, ee
bu bn,

27 compound q reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to give a precipitate.
compound q does not produce a precipitate when warmed with fehling’s solution.
what could be the identity of compound q?

a  ch3cochs3

b  ch.(oh)ch2chs
c ch3sch2co2h

d ch;ch2,cho

28 structural isomerism only should be considered when answering this question.
a set of isomeric compounds, with molecular formula cs5h190, all react in a 1:1 ratio with an
excess of hcn by nucleophilic addition.
how many isomeric compounds are in the set?
a 5 b 6 cc 7 d 8

29 which pair of substances could react to give the ester ch3ch2co2ch3?
a ethanol and ethanoic acid
b~ methanol and ethanoic acid
c_ methanol and propanoic acid
d_propan-1-ol and methanoic acid

30 an ester is shown.
o
(@) ok
th "
[e)
what is the structure of the carboxylic acid that would be obtained by acid hydrolysis of the ester
linkage?
a b
o 0 oh o
bn oo ar
h oh ho o
cc d
fe) o
0 oo oo
oh
ho
{e)

31 which deductions about the “,;bi atom are correct?
1 it has 83 electrons.
2. ithas 126 nucleons.
3 it has 83 neutrons.

32 which statements are correct when referring to the two common isotopes of chlorine?
1 the isotopes have different masses.
2 the isotopes have different numbers of nucleons.
3. the isotopes have the same chemical reactions.

33 for which enthalpy changes is the value of ah always negative?
1. combustion
2 hydration
3 solution

34 the diagram shows the boltzmann distribution of molecular energies in one mole of a gas at two
temperatures, 7; and tp.
qt,
qt,
proportion of
molecules
with energy e }
0 t 1
0 eb, bs
molecular energy, e
which statements are correct?
1 the shaded area represents the proportion of molecules with energies between e, and e, at
temperature 75.
2 no particles have zero energy at either temperature.
3. 7t2 is a higher temperature than 7;.

35 which statements about sodium chloride are correct?
1 itis a product of the reaction between chlorine and cold aqueous sodium hydroxide.
2 ‘it is a product of the reaction between chlorine and hot aqueous sodium hydroxide.
3. it is a product of the reaction between chlorine and aqueous sodium bromide.

36 which gases will dissolve in water causing a lowering of the ph?
1. ammonia
2 _— sulfur dioxide
3 nitrogen dioxide

37 which compounds have optical isomers?

1 2 3
al ch,
on o 0
n—tion ‘oh oe s
=o uh

| ch, ch,
h—c—oh

i

38 bromine reacts with ethene in an addition reaction.
which statements about this reaction are correct?
1 itis the basis of a test for unsaturation in alkenes.
2 it leads to an increase in each of the h-c-h bond angles.
3  anucleophile attacks the c=c bond in ethene.

39 an unknown organic compound z reacts with sodium to give a combustible gas as one product.
z does not give a yellow precipitate with alkaline aqueous iodine.
what is a possible identity of z?
1 ethanoic acid
2 pentan-3-ol
3. propan-1-ol

40 an organic molecule x has a molecular formula of c5h19o2. its infra-red spectrum has a strong
peak at 1250cm*, a strong peak at 1720cm™' but no strong peak above 3100cm™".
what could x be?
1 ethyl propanoate
2 methyl butanoate
3 1-hydroxypentan-3-one

Solve 9701_s19_qp_13