physics

1 what is the approximate average speed of a winning female olympic athlete running a 100m
race?
a 6ms"' b 9ms" cc 12ms* d 15ms'

2 __ _[wo forces act on a circular disc as shown.
| 3n
which diagram shows the line of action of the resultant force?
a b cc d
5n
c+ co c4) s .

3 what correctly expresses the volt in terms of si base units?
a aq
b wa‘™
c kgm’*s'a"
d kgm’?s°a*

4 the current in a block of semiconductor is 30.0ma when there is a potential difference (p.d.) of
10.0v across it. the dimensions of the block and the direction of the current in it are as shown.
15.0 rin
30.0ma
- mm

15.0mm
the electrical meters used are accurate to + 0.1ma and + 0.1v. the dimensions of the block are
accurate to + 0.2mm.
what is the resistivity of the semiconductor?
a 10.0+0.2qm
b 10.0+0.3q0m
c 10.0+0.5qm
d 10.0+0.80m

5 the diameter of a cylindrical metal rod is measured using a micrometer screw gauge.
the diagram below shows an enlargement of the scale on the micrometer screw gauge when
taking the measurement.
za 40
) 2 3 |
30 y

0.5mm/rev q /
what is the cross-sectional area of the rod?
a 3.81mm? b 11.4mm? c 22.8mm? d 45.6mm?

6 a ball is set in motion at p on a frictionless surface. it moves up slope pq, along the horizontal
surface qr and finally descends slope rs.
q r
es
p ss
which graph could represent the variation with time t of the ball’s speed v as the ball moves from
p to s?
a b
0 0
0 t 0 t
cc d
0 0
0 t 0 t

8 : golf ball of mass m is dropped onto a hard surface from a height h; and rebounds to a height
2.
the momentum of the golf ball just as it reaches the surface is different from its momentum just
as it leaves the surface.
what is the total change in the momentum of the golf ball between these two instants? (ignore air
resistance.)
a mj2gh, — m2gh,
b  m\2gh, + m2ghz
c  m2g(h,—h,)
d  m2g(h, +h)

9 a book of weight wis at rest on a table. a student attempts to state newton’s third law of motion
by saying that ‘action equals reaction’.
book
a
ct:
if the weight of the book is the ‘action’ force, what is the ‘reaction’ force?
a the force w acting downwards on the earth from the table
b_ the force w acting upwards on the book from the table
c_ the force w acting upwards on the earth from the book
d_ the force w acting upwards on the table from the floor

10 a metal cylinder is suspended vertically in equilibrium by a cord. the diagram shows the cylinder
in four different positions p, q, r and s.
t 1 t "i
is)
r
pide | plieteipiesergertecnieny
peter teehee
“p| |-=metal cylinder —— ~~
which statement explains the variation of the tension t in the cord?
a at p and at q, the tension t in the cord is the same because the difference in pressure
between the top and bottom of the cylinder is the same.
b_ at q, the tension 7 in the cord is less than at p because, at smaller depth, liquid pressure is
smaller.
c_ atr, the tension t in the cord is less than at p because atmospheric pressure is less than
water pressure.
d_ ats, the tension 7 in the cord is greater than at p because atmospheric pressure at s exerts
no force on the top or bottom of the cylinder.

11. inamachine, many couples act on a rotating object as shown.
25n
50n
30n a”
“ 16n
_ oan 4.0cm
16n we
ee 30n
“100m 50n
25n vw 12cm
what is the resultant torque acting on the rotating object?
a 4.7nm b 86nm c 9.3nm d 17.1nm

12 a uniform beam is pivoted at p as shown. weights of 10n and 20n are attached to its ends.
the length of the beam is marked at 0.1m intervals. the weight of the beam is 100n.
at which point should a further weight of 20n be attached to achieve equilibrium?
' 0.6m ' 0.4m '
a e?o—y™*wc-s ots
‘0.1m!
ae a b ! cc d
p
10n 20n
es ys | —

13 what are the si base units of the quantity ———_—_ ?
density
a s? b_ kg’s” cc kg’?m’s? d ms?

14 which quantities are conserved in an inelastic collision?
[| tineicenerey | toalenery | inear momentum
a conserved not conserved conserved
b conserved not conserved not conserved
cc not conserved conserved conserved
d not conserved conserved not conserved
iin i ing ===

15 acyclist is travelling at a constant speed up a hill. the frictional force resisting the cyclists motion
is 8.0n.
the cyclist uses 450 j of energy to travel a distance of 20m.
what is the increase in the gravitational potential energy of the cyclist?
a 160j b 290j cc 440j d 610j

16 a stone of mass m falls from rest at the top of a cliff of height h into the sea below. just before
hitting the sea the stone has speed v.
what is the average force of air resistance acting on the stone during its fall?
m(v? —2gh) v2 v2
a m b ——=- c mg-— dm gh-—
2 h i 2h - 2

17 a railway engine accelerates a train of total mass 1200 tonnes (1 tonne = 1000kg) from rest to a
speed of 75ms”.
how much useful work must be done on the train to reach this speed?
a 34x10°j b 68x 10°j c 34x 10°j d 68x 10°j

18 what is a correct derivation of the equation relating power, force and velocity?
a power = work done and work done = force x displacement
time taken
s0 power = force x displacement
time taken
so power = force x velocity
b power = work done and work done = force x distance
time taken
s0 power = force x distance
time taken
so power = force x velocity
c power = work done and work done = force _
time taken displacement
so power = ——f0ree_ time taken
displacement
so power = _force_
velocity
d power = work done and work done = _force _
time taken distance
so power = _force _ x time taken
distance
so power = _force_
velocity

19 a cable on a suspension bridge supports a weight of 19.3 x 10°n. this weight causes the cable
to stretch by 47mm.
a lorry crossing the bridge then increases the force on the cable to 23.3x10°n. the
force-extension graph for the cable is shown.
f in 23.3 610 p mentee ein
oree 19.3 6108 2-9 ee een
) +—
0 47 57
extension/mm
what is the increase in strain energy in the cable when the lorry is crossing the bridge?
a 21kj b 23kj c 45kj d 66kj

20 what are the units of stress, strain and the young modulus?
fom [om |
a newton metre pascal
b newton no unit newton
cc pascal metre newton
d pascal no unit pascal

21 a rubber band is stretched and then relaxed to its original length. the diagram shows the
force-extension graph for this process.
force :
p
area x
r a area y
of
0 e
extension
as the force is increased, the curve follows the path opq to extension e. as the force is reduced,
the curve follows the path qro to return to zero extension.
the area labelled x is between the curves opq and qro. the area labelled y is bounded by the
curve qro and the horizontal axis.
which statement about the process is correct?
a area x is the energy which heats the band as it is stretched to extension e.
b_ (area x + area y) is the minimum energy required to stretch the band to extension e.
c_ area x is the elastic potential energy stored in the band when it is stretched to extension e.
d_ (area y — area x) is the net work done on the band during the process.

22 the period of an electromagnetic wave is 1.0ns.
what are the frequency and wavelength of the wave?
[| teqseneyitie | wavelnainin |

a 1.0 3.0 x 10°
b 1.0 x 10° 300
cc 1.0 x 10° 0.30
d 1.0 x 10 3.0 x 10“

23 vvnich statement about progressive longitudinal waves is not correct?
a the oscillations of the particles are parallel to the direction of travel of the wave energy.
b_ they have a series of nodes and antinodes.
c_ they need a medium through which to travel.
d_ they transfer energy.

24 a bicycle gear wheel is a disc with 50 ‘teeth’ equally spaced around its edge, as shown. the gear
wheel is rotated 10 times each second. a springy strip of metal is vibrated by the rotating ‘teeth’.
the metal strip produces a sound of frequency that is equal to the frequency of vibration of the
strip.

gear wheel fixed clamp
'
ea“
springy strip
of metal
teeth
the speed of sound in air is 330ms".
what is the wavelength of the emitted sound?
a 0.66m b 1.5m c 66m d 500m

25 an ambulance travels along a straight road at a speed of 30.0ms™. its siren emits sound of
frequency 2000hz. the speed of sound in the air is 340ms™'. the ambulance passes a man
standing at the side of the road.

what is the frequency of the sound heard by the man as the ambulance moves towards him and
as the ambulance moves away from him?
frequency heard as frequency heard as
ambulance moves ambulance moves
towards man/hz away from man/hz
a 1820 2180
b 1840 2190
cc 2180 1820
d 2190 1840

26 three different electromagnetic waves p, q and r have the frequencies shown.
| frequency /hz
3x 10°
3x 10%
6 x 10"
which row identifies p, q and r?

a infra-red visible ultraviolet

b microwave infra-red visible

cc ultraviolet x-ray gamma ray

d visible ultraviolet x-ray

27 which row describes the oscillations of two moving particles in a stationary wave that are
separated by a distance of half a wavelength?
[mm
a 90° different
b 90° same
cc 180° different
d 180° same

28 a parallel beam of red light of wavelength 700 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating that
has 400 lines per millimetre.
what is the total number of intensity maxima from the grating?
a 6 b 7 cc 8 d9

29 iwo wave sources are oscillating in phase. eacn source produces a wave of wavelengin 4. [ne
two waves from the sources meet at point x with a phase difference of 90°.
what is a possible difference in the distances from the two wave sources to point x?
a & b 4 e 4 da
8 4 2

30 which diagram best illustrates the electric field around a positive point charge?
a b cc d

31 the path of an electron with initial speed v in the uniform electric field between two parallel plates
is shown.
plates < ss ee
the vertical deflection x is measured at the right-hand edge of the plates.
the distance between the plates is halved. the potential difference between the plates remains
the same.
what will be the new deflection of the electron with the same initial speed v?
a x b 2x cc 2x d 4x

32 the current in a circuit component is 2.00 pa.
how many electrons pass through the component each second?
a 1.25x10% b 1.25x10%  c 1.25x10%  d = 1.25x 10%

33 the filament of a 240v, 100w electric lamp heats up from room temperature to its operating
temperature. as it heats up, its resistance increases by a factor of 16.
what is the resistance of the filament at room temperature?
a 360 b 5800 cc 1.5kq d 9.2kq

34 [wo wires nave the same length and the same resistance. wire x is made of a metal of resistivity
1.7 x 10°qm and wire y is made of a metal of resistivity 5.6 x 10°qm.
the diameter of wire x is 0.315mm.
what is the diameter of wire y?
a 0.17mm b 0.33mm c 0.57mm d 1.0mm

35 acell has a constant electromotive force.

a variable resistor is connected between the terminals of the cell.

the resistance of the variable resistor is decreased.

which statement about the change of the cell’s terminal potential difference (p.d.) is correct?

a the terminal p.d. is decreased because more work is done moving unit charge through the
internal resistance of the cell.

b_ the terminal p.d. is decreased because the current in the variable resistor is decreased.

c_ the terminal p.d. is increased because more work is done moving unit charge through the
variable resistor.

d_ the terminal p.d. is increased because the current in the variable resistor is increased.

36 four resistors are connected in a square as shown.
q
20 40
p r
8q 62
ss
the resistance may be measured between any two junctions.
between which two junctions is the measured resistance greatest?
a pandq b qands c rands d sandp

37 acircuit is set up as shown.
p q
the variable resistor is adjusted so that the ammeter reading decreases.
how do the readings of the voltmeters change?
reading on reading on
voltmeter p voltmeter q
a decreases decreases
b decreases increases
cc increases decreases
d increases increases

38 ina television programme to illustrate scientific models, a presenter fires a gun many times at
a bale of hay. two small cannon balls are embedded within the hay some distance apart from
each other.

the hay bale measures approximately 2m x 2m x 2m and the cannon balls are made of iron,
approximately spherical, and about 5cm in diameter.

what might the presenter be illustrating?

a a-particle scattering

bf decay

c_ conservation of momentum

d_ double-slit interference

39 =a certain nuclide, uranium-239, has nucleon number 235, proton number 92 and neutron number
143. data on four other nuclides are given below.
which nuclide is an isotope of uranium-235?
[[ nuceon number [pron number | neuron nunbe |
a 235 91 144
b 236 92 144
cc 237 94 143
d 238 95 143

40 during b decay, which change takes place to the quark composition of the nucleus that emits the
b particle, and which other particle is emitted?
| quark change at
a down to up antineutrino
b down to up neutrino
cc up to down antineutrino
d up to down neutrino

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