physics

1. which si unit, expressed in base units, is not correct?
a unit of force, kgms7?
b_unit of momentum, kgm s"
c unit of pressure, kgm’s~”
dunit of work, kgm’s~

2 two forces, each of 10n, act at a point p as shown. the angle between the directions of the
forces is 120°.
10n
\..120°
10n
p
what is the magnitude of the resultant force?
a 5n b 10n c 17n d 20n

3 anion is accelerated in a vacuum by a series of electrodes. a graph of the power supplied to the
ion is plotted against time.
what is represented by the area under the graph between two times?
a the average force on the ion
b_ the change in kinetic energy of the ion
c_ the change in momentum of the ion
d_ the change in velocity of the ion

4 what is a typical value of the wavelength of a microwave travelling in a vacuum?
a 3000000pm
b 30nm
c 30000 um
d 3000mm

5 a double-slit interference experiment is used to determine the wavelength of light from a
monochromatic source.
the following measurements are used.
slit separation a = 0.50 + 0.02mm
fringe separation x = 1.7 + 0.1mm
distance between slits and screen d = 2.000 + 0.002m
what is the percentage uncertainty in the calculated wavelength?
a 0.1% b 1% c 6% d 10%
eee eee a...

6 instill air, a bird can fly ata speed of 10ms -. the wind is blowing from the east at 8.0ms™.
in which direction must the bird fly in order to travel to a destination that is due north of the bird’s
current location?
a 37° east of north
b 37° west of north
c 53° east of north
d 53° west of north

7  anarcher shoots an arrow at a target. the diagram shows the path of the arrow.
path of arrow
i)
il target
archer
air resistance is assumed to be negligible.
the graphs show how three different quantities p, q and r, relating to the motion of the arrow,
vary with time.
p q r
0 0 0
0 time 0 time 0 time
which quantity is the horizontal component of displacement and which quantity is the vertical
component of displacement of the arrow?
horizontal vertical
component of | component of
displacement | displacement
a p q
b qd f
cc r p
d r qd

8 the three forces acting on a hot-air balloon that is moving vertically are its weight, the force due
to air resistance and the upthrust force.
the hot-air balloon descends vertically at constant speed. the force of air resistance on the
balloon is f.
which weight of material must be released from the balloon so that it ascends vertically at the
same constant speed?
a f b 2f c 3f d 4f

9 acar is moving at constant speed in a straight line with the engine providing a driving force equal
to the resistive force f.
when the engine is switched off, the car is brought to rest in a distance of 100m by the resistive
force.
it may be assumed that f is constant during the deceleration.
the process is then repeated for the same car with the same initial speed but with a constant
resistive force of 0.800 f.
how far will the car travel while decelerating?
a 120m b 125m c 156m d 250m

10 what is a statement of the principle of conservation of momentum?
a _inan elastic collision momentum is constant.
b momentum is the product of mass and velocity.
c_ the force acting on a body is proportional to its rate of change of momentum.
d the momentum of an isolated system is constant.
ee

11 two solid spheres form an isolated system. sphere x moves with speed 6cms - in a straight line

directly towards a stationary sphere y, as shown.

sphere x sphere y

‘? 6cms" @

——x§“"-—

the spheres have a perfectly elastic collision. after the collision, sphere x moves with speed
2cms‘ in the same direction as before the collision.
what is the speed of sphere y?
a 2cms* b 4cms™ c 6cms" d 8cms"

12 a block is submerged vertically in a liquid. the four diagrams show, to scale, the forces exerted
by the liquid on the block.
which diagram correctly shows a possible situation as viewed from the side?
a b cc d

13 a rigid circular disc of radius r has its centre at x. a number of forces of equal magnitude f act at
the edge of the disc. all the forces are in the plane of the disc.
which arrangement of forces provides a moment of magnitude 2fr about x?
a b
f
f
cc d
f
fe lg

14 the diagram shows a motorised vehicle for carrying one person.
e
direction
ry. of motion
» ———_qx7

| / axle

1 pp.

nas 400mm

600n 600n

the vehicle has two wheels on one axle. the passenger stands on a platform between the
wheels.
the weight of the machine is 600n. its centre of mass is 200mm in front of the axle. the wheel
radius is 400 mm.
when stationary, a passenger of weight 600n stands with his centre of mass 200 mm behind the
axle to balance the machine.
the motor is now switched on to provide a horizontal force of 90n at the ground to move the
vehicle forwards.
how far and in which direction must the passenger move his centre of mass to maintain balance?
a 60mm backwards
b 60mm forwards
c 140mm backwards
d 140mm forwards

19 ihe derivation of the pressure equation ap = pgan uses a number of relationships between

quantities.
which relationship is not used in the derivation of this equation?
a density = —mass_

volume
b__ potential energy = mass x acceleration of free fall x height
c pressure = forge

area

d_ weight = mass x acceleration of free fall

16 power is transferred through a machine as shown.
power input p, power output p,
machine
power loss p,
what is the efficiency of the machine?
g — bf co fh p fo
po+p, p, po pe

17 a piston in a gas supply pump has an area of 400 cm*. the pump moves the gas against a fixed
pressure of 3000 pa.
during part of its stroke, the piston moves a distance of 25cm in one direction. how much work is
done by the piston during this movement?
a 30j b 3.0x 10°j c 3.0x 10°j d 3.0x10’j

18 a stone is projected vertically upwards from the ground at an initial speed of 15ms”. air
resistance is negligible.
what is the maximum height reached by the stone?
a 0.76m b 11m c 23m d 110m

19 a turbine at a hydroelectric power station is situated 30m below the level of the surface of a large
lake. the water passes through the turbine at a rate of 340 m® per minute.
the overall efficiency of the turbine and generator system is 90%.
what is the output power of the power station? (the density of water is 1000kgm~.)
a 0.15mw b 1.5mw cc 1.7mw d 90mw

20 a spring is loaded with weights. when the weights are removed, the spring returns to its original
length.
the spring is then loaded with heavier weights. when the weights are removed, the spring is
longer than it was originally.
which types of deformation are shown by this experiment?
a both elastic and plastic deformation
b_ elastic deformation only
c neither elastic nor plastic deformation
d plastic deformation only

21 the stress-strain graph for a metal is shown.
2
stress
/gpa
1
0
0 0.005 0.010
strain
what is the strain energy per unit volume of a rod made from this metal when the strain of the rod
is 0.010?
a 10kjm? b 100kjm* c 1.0mjm°? d 10mjm*

22 the displacement-time graph for a layer of air in the path of a sound wave is shown.
displacement [~~~ ott
0
time
which wave quantity is increasing?
a amplitude
b_ frequency
c period
d_ wavelength

23 a loudspeaker emits a sound wave into a tube initially full of water.
iol
i
tube y
water |
tap
e10
a tap at the bottom of the tube is opened so that water slowly leaves the tube. for some lengths
of the air column in the tube, the sound heard is much louder.
the first loud sound is heard when the air column in the tube has length x.
the next time that a loud sound is heard is when the air column in the tube has length y.
what is the wavelength of the sound wave from the loudspeaker?
a 2x b 4y c 2y-x) d 4(y-x)

24 diffraction can be observed when a wave passes an obstruction. the diffraction effect is greatest
when the wavelength and the obstruction are similar in size.
for waves travelling through air, what is the combination of wave and obstruction that could best
demonstrate diffraction?
a microwaves passing a steel post
b_ radio waves passing a copper wire
c_ sound waves passing a human hair
d visible light waves passing a gate post

25 light of a particular wavelength a, is emitted from the sun. at any instant, a band of wavelengths
ranging from less than a, to more than a, is observed on the earth. this is caused by the doppler
effect.

" earth scale
—_ [@)
a a

what could be the explanation for this doppler effect?
a_ the sun is moving at right-angles to a line joining the sun and the earth.
b_ the sun is moving away from the earth.
c_ the sun is moving towards the earth.
d_ the sun is rotating.

26 what is the order of magnitude of the frequencies of electromagnetic waves in the visible
spectrum?
a 10"°hz b 10'?hz cc 10“hz d 10'°hz

27 two signals approach each other, as shown.
ly
er <—$——
at one instant, the signals completely overlap.
according to the principle of superposition, what is the shape of the resulting signal at this
instant?
a b cc d

28 coherent waves are produced at p and at q and travel outwards in all directions. the line rs is
half-way between p and q and perpendicular to the line joining p and q. the distance rs is
much greater than the distance pq.

p r q
e . e
not to
scale
ae 2,
ss
along which of the lines shown is an interference pattern observed?
a_ both rs and xy
b- rs only
cc xy only
d_ neither rs nor xy

29 abar vibrates with frequency f to produce water waves in a ripple tank.
bar vibrating
with frequency “| |
barrier with
gap of width x
the waves pass through a gap of width x in a barrier so that diffraction occurs.
which combination of vibration frequency and gap width will produce the smallest angle of
diffraction?
vibration .
f x
a oe x
2 2
b £ 2x
2
c 2f a
2
d 2f 2x

30 a diffraction grating is used to measure the wavelength of monochromatic light, as shown in the
diagram.
grating
first order maximum
monochromatic 70.0°
light
first order maximum
the spacing of the slits in the grating is 1.00 x 10m. the angle between the first order
diffraction maxima is 70.0°.
what is the wavelength of the light?
a 287nm b 470nm c 574nm d 940nm

31 a-small charged sphere of mass 0.80g hangs from a light thread inside a vertical uniform electric
field of strength 2000 vm“. the thread passes over two frictionless pulleys and a mass of 2.00g
hangs on the other end.

pulleys
2s | 2.00g mass

electric

field of charged sphere

2000 vm" of mass 0.80g
the sphere is in equilibrium.
what is the charge on the sphere?
a -5.9nc b +0.60nc c +5.9uc d +9.8uc

32 an electron enters a region of space where there is a uniform electric field e as shown.
—
path of i
electron t= e
a tl
initially, the electron is moving parallel to, and in the direction of, the electric field.
what is the subsequent path and change of speed of the electron caused by the electric field?
| | path of electron speed of electron
a curved decreases
b curved increases
cc linear decreases
d linear increases

33 the current in the circuit shown is 3.2ma.
xx ¥
what are the direction of flow and the rate of flow of electrons through the resistor r?
| | direction of flow rate of flow/s™
a xtoy 2.0 x 10"
b xtoy 5.1 x 10°
c y tox 2.0 x 10°
d y tox 5.1 x 10°

34 a filament lamp has a resistance of 180. q when the current in it is 500 ma.
what is the power dissipated in the lamp?
a 45w b 90w cc 290w d 360w

35 two copper wires x and y have the same volume. wire y is four times as long as wire x.
1a 4l
_— > ———
q ) °——
xx y
what is the ratio terres at ul, u v4
resistance of wire x
a 1 b 4 cc 8 d 16

36 in the circuit shown, the ammeter reading is j and the voltmeter reading is v.
o oo
ld
a _
when the switch is closed, which row describes what happens to i and to v?
popo
a decreases decreases
b increases increases
c increases stays the same
d stays the same increases

37 a cell of electromotive force e and negligible internal resistance is connected to a network of
resistors of resistances r,, ro, r3 and r, as shown.
e
i,
5 r,
[|
dl
[| {
the branches of the circuit have currents i, iz and j3.
which equation is correct?
a lr, + ibre = 13r3 + i3r4
b inr2 = i3r,4 ot i3r3 =0
c e= ,r, + ibre + i3r3 + i3r,
d e = ur; + ipro — 13r3 — i3r,

38 the circuit diagram shows four resistors of different resistances p, q, r and s connected to a
battery.
=
p q
il i

~ ld
the voltmeter reading is zero.
which equation is correct?
a p-q=r-s
b p-s=q-r
c pq=rs
d ps=qr

39 an astatine nucleus has a nucleon number of 218 and a proton number of 85. it decays to form a
polonium nucleus, emitting a b” particle and an a-particle in the process.
what are the nucleon number and the proton number of this polonium nucleus?
[| nudeon number [proton number |
a 214 83
b 214 84
cc 215 83
d 216 82
eoe ea ee eo oo egvomoooe

40 what is the quark composition of a hydrogen-3 nucleus, {h?
pss
a 4 5
b 5 4
cc 5 7
d f 5

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