physics

1 what is a unit for stress?
a kgm's? b kgm’s? cc nm d nm

2 physical quantities can be classed as vectors or as scalars.
which pair of quantities consists of two vectors?
a kinetic energy and force
b momentum and time
c velocity and electric field strength
d_ weight and temperature

3 two dogs pull a sledge along an icy track, as shown.
dog x pulls with
a force of 200n
lo”
| zr
nono no no, 65° __— track
sledge ————p a ie
_—— force
oom 45°
dog y pulls with rn
a force of 120n a
dog x pulls with a force of 200n at an angle of 65° to the front edge of the sledge. dog y pulls
with a force of 120n at an angle of 45° to the front edge of the sledge.
what is the resultant forward force on the sledge exerted by the two dogs?
a 80n b 170n c 270n d 320n

4 in the circuit shown, an analogue ammeter is to be recalibrated as a thermometer. the ammeter
is connected in series with a thermistor. the thermistor is a component with a resistance that
varies with temperature. the graph shows how the resistance r of the thermistor changes with
temperature t.

thermistor u baie
tees
which diagram could represent the temperature scale on the ammeter?
a b cc d
20 40 a 60 80 80.60 49 20 60 40 20

9 i t~l00 oler “90 aod re a q
°c °c °c *¢
a a a a

5 the sides of a cube are measured with calipers.
the measured length of each side is (30.0 + 0.1)mm.
the measurements are used to calculate the volume of the cube.
what is the percentage uncertainty in the calculated value of the volume?
a 0.01% b 0.3% c 1% d 3%

6 a tennis ball falls freely, in air, from the top of a tall building.
which graph best represents the variation with time tof the distance s fallen?
a b
| 4 | a
0 0
0 t 0 t
cc d
s ss
0 0
0 t 0 t

7 the graph shows the variation with mass of the weight of objects on a particular planet.

4
‘ ee ea 0 ep 2 wd wi
weight/n 0 eeeeeeeeeeeece eee ea
sce
sses a
kd a a a 7 hi i
ecceccccceee eee
2-feer eee
erc e ecr eee
ptt ttt tta rr
ssssss8p 4c
1-h
shes ub eee ees eee eee
ssp se
ptt tt rrr yr yy rr
o-4{cece

0 1 2

mass/kg
what is the value of the acceleration of free fall on the planet?
a 0.63ms* b 1.6ms? c 3.2ms? d 98ms*

8 the momentum of a car of mass m increases from p; to po.
what is the increase in the kinetic energy of the car?
a (be =p") bp (p2=p:) cq p2a=pi p pixpe
2m 2m 2m 2m

9 two similar spheres, each of mass m and travelling with speed v, are moving towards each other.
—! _s.. a
the spheres have a head-on elastic collision.
which statement is correct?
a_ the spheres stick together on impact.
b_ the total kinetic energy after impact is mv”.
c_ the total kinetic energy before impact is zero.
d_ the total momentum before impact is 2mv.

10 a horizontal metal bar pq of length 50.0cm is hinged at end p. the diagram shows the metal bar

viewed from above.

16.0n
30° q
pp 5.0n
‘ 50.0cm

two forces of 16.0n and 5.0n are in the horizontal plane and act on end q as shown in the

diagram.

what is the total moment about p due to the two forces?

a 1.5nm b 44nm cc 6.5nm d 94nm

11 blocks p, q, r and s are made from material of the same density. block t is made from a
material of twice the density of the material of the other blocks.
the cross-sectional area and height of each of the blocks are shown.
ago ge 2h 2h s) a
e oe
ground
a 2a a 2a a
which two blocks exert the same pressure on the ground?
a pandt b qandr c qands d sandt

12 two parallel forces, each of magnitude f, act on a rod of length 5d.
which diagram shows the positions of the two forces that will produce the largest torque on the
rod?
a b
f
i. @
f f f
c d
f
; 2d '
: 2d
fe f f

13 liquids x and y are stored in large open tanks. liquid x has a density of 800kgm °° and liquid y
has a density of 1200 kgm~.
at which depths are the pressures equal?
depth in depth in
liquid x/m liquid y/m

a 8 20

b 10 15

cc 15 10

d 20 8

14 a train of mass 3.3 x 10°kg is moving at a constant speed up a slope inclined at an angle of 0.64°
to the horizontal. the engine of the train is producing a useful output power of 14 mw.
assume that there are no frictional forces opposing the motion of the train.
what is the speed of the train?
a 0.43ms" b 4.2ms* cc 39ms" d 380ms”

15 acannon-ball of mass 3.50kg is fired at a speed of 22.0ms™ from a gun on a ship at a height of
6.00 m above sea level.
the total energy of the cannon-ball is the sum of the gravitational potential energy relative to the
surface of the sea and the kinetic energy.
what is the total energy of the cannon-ball as it leaves the gun?
a 206j b 641j c 847j d 1050j
——eeeeeeeeeeeoeoooooooeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee—eaeeeeeeeee eee ee

16 an aircratt travels at a constant velocity of yoms — in horizontal flight. [he diagram shows some
of the forces acting on the aircraft.
drag cy
2a00n [| rey thrust
ommms
weight

the mass of the aircraft is 2000 kg.
what is the power produced by the thrust force?
a 18x10°w b 2.2x10°w c 18x10°w d 2.0x10°w

17 an electrical generator is started at time zero. the total electrical energy generated during the

first 5 seconds is shown in the graph.

ol | lt

energy/j

ot ita

ot ll

wo tfet

ml

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
time/s

what is the maximum electrical power generated at any instant during these first 5 seconds?
a 10w b 13w c 30w d 50w

18 ihe diagram snows a wire of diameter dv and lengin l that is firmly clamped at one end between
two blocks of wood. a load is applied to the wire which extends its length by x.
‘ blocks of wood
ee
wire
_| load
a second wire is made of the same material, but of diameter 2d and length 3l. both wires obey
hooke’s law.
what is the extension of the second wire when the same load is applied?
a 2x b 3x cc 4y d 3y
3 4 3 2

19 two wires, one made of brass and the other of steel, are stretched in an experiment. both wires
obey hooke’s law during this experiment.
the young modulus for brass is less than the young modulus for steel.
which graph shows how the stress varies with strain for both wires in this experiment?
a b
stress steel stress steel
brass brass
0 0
0 strain 0 strain
cc d
stress brass stress brass
steel steel
0 0
0 strain 0 strain

20 a transverse progressive wave is set up on a string.
the graph shows the variation with time of displacement for a point on this string.
displacement
[\—f-\
0 :
0 \/ time
the separation xy on the graph represents the ......1...... of the wave.
x and y have equal ......2.......
which words correctly complete gaps 1 and 2?
ee ee
a time period amplitudes
b time period displacements
c wavelength amplitudes
d wavelength displacements

21. which region of the electromagnetic spectrum includes waves with a frequency of 10° mhz?
a _ infra-red waves
b_ radio waves
c_ ultraviolet waves
d x-rays

22 a longitudinal wave has vibrations parallel to the direction of transfer of energy by the wave.
the wave can be represented on a graph showing the variation of the displacement of the
particles with distance from the source.

which point on the graph is the centre of a compression?
direction of
transfer of energy
a ,
displacement
away from source
b d
0
0) distance
: from source
displacement
towards source
cc

23 what can be deduced from a table of wavelengths of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum?
a_ green light has a shorter wavelength than x-rays.
b_ red light has a shorter wavelength than green light.
c_ the wavelength range for radio waves is less than that for infra-red waves.
d_ the wavelength range for x-rays is less than that for radio waves.

24 a binary star consists of two stars rotating around a common centre. light from one of the stars is
observed on the earth.
gr ons,
‘binary | al
4 star b
me - observer
ss q--7 on earth
the observed frequency of the light varies between a minimum frequency fmin and a maximum
frequency fax, as shown.
f. agiacrecmenneoct on teagan eteeometsescmnmmaneuneneeietacsaurct
observed ”~
frequency
tin oe oe
0 time
the rate of rotation of the binary star increases.
what is the change to fax and the change to fin?
p| foe | fn
a decreases decreases
b decreases increases
cc increases decreases
d increases increases

25 a teacher sets up the apparatus shown to demonstrate a double-slit interference pattern on the
screen.
single iat screen
slit |
source | a
“ q |
|
p r
which change to the apparatus will increase the fringe spacing?
a decreasing the distance p
b_ decreasing the distance q
c_ decreasing the distance r
d_ decreasing the wavelength of the light

26 the diagram shows two sources of waves s; and s2. the sources oscillate with a phase

difference of 180°.

ss, s2

5cm
13cm

p
the sources each generate a wave of wavelength 2.0cm. each source produces a wave that has
amplitude xo when it reaches point p.
what is the amplitude of the oscillation at p?
a oo b = c x d 2x

27 a pipe, closed at one end, has a loudspeaker at the open end. a stationary sound wave is formed
in the air within the pipe with an antinode at the open end of the pipe.
0.85m
ousspeaker— ee
the length of the pipe is 0.85 m.
the speed of sound in air is 340ms".
which frequency of sound from the loudspeaker would not produce a stationary wave?
a 100hz b  200hz c 300hz d 500hz

28 a particle has a charge of +2.0mc and is in a vertical uniform electric field. an electric force of
1.0 x 10n acts upwards on the particle.
what is the electric field strength?
a 0.20vm"* downwards
b  0.20vm" upwards
c 5.0vm" downwards
d 5.0vm" upwards

29 a charged particle is in the electric tlela between two horizontal metal plates connected to a
battery, as shown. there is a force f on the particle due to the electric field.
charged particle
the separation of the plates is doubled.
what is the new force on the particle?
a, = be cf d 2f
4 2

30 the current j in a metal wire is given by the expression shown.
i= anvq
what does the symbol n represent?
a_ the number of atoms per unit volume of the metal
b_ the number of free electrons per atom in the metal
c_ the number of free electrons per unit volume of the metal
d_ the total number of electrons per unit volume of the metal

31 the circuit diagrams show two lamps x and y each connected to a cell. the current in lamp x is
0.50a and its resistance is 9.6q. the current in lamp y is 3.0a and its resistance is 1.2q.
0.50a 3.0a
lamp x lamp y
9.602 1.20
what is the ratio power inlamp % »
power inlamp y
a 0.22 b 0.75 cc 1.3 d 45

32 a cylindrical piece of a soft, electrically-conducting material has resistance r. it is rolled out so
that its length is doubled but its volume stays constant.
what is its new resistance?
a a br c 2r d 4r

33 the sum of the electrical currents into a point in a circuit is equal to the sum of the currents out of
the point.
which statement is correct?
a this is kirchhoff’s first law, which results from the conservation of charge.
b_ this is kirchhoff’s first law, which results from the conservation of energy.
c this is kirchhoff's second law, which results from the conservation of charge.
d_ this is kirchhoff's second law, which results from the conservation of energy.

34 in the circuit shown, the batteries have negligible internal resistance.
15v 9v
i; i, 5
2.02 2.0q 2.00
what are the values of the currents j,, iz and i3?
[ [a [nia ia
a 5.5 1.0 6.5
b 0.5 4.0 35
cc 3.5 4.0 0.5
d 6.5 1.0 5.5

35 a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 6.0v and negligible internal resistance is connected to

three resistors as shown.

/ 4.0kq

6.0v |

/ 40kq xx / 4.0kq
each resistor has a resistance of 4.0kq.
what is the current in resistor x?
a 0.25ma b 0.50ma c 0.75ma d 1.0ma

36 a uniform resistance wire xy of length 100.cm is connected in series with a cell l. another cell m
is connected in series with resistors of resistances 5.00q, 10.0q and 15.09.
l
100cm
x————— ¥
(a) resistance wire
10.0q 15.02
ped [| [| |
q r ss
m
the potential difference (p.d.) between p and q is balanced against 12.5cm of the resistance
wire, so that the ammeter reads zero.
the p.d. across the other resistors is then balanced against other lengths of the resistance wire.
which balanced lengths of resistance wire correspond to the connection points given in the
table?
connection balanced length/cm
qandr 12.5 25.0 25.0 25.0
qands 62.5 62.5 75.0 62.5
pandr 37.5 3/5 37.5 12.5

37 a motor is required to operate at a distance of 800m from its power supply. the motor requires a
potential difference (p.d.) of 16.0v and a current of 0.60a to operate.
two wires are used to supply power to the motor as shown.
wires
~—300m——~s~s~s
the resistance of each of these wires is 0.0050 per metre.
what is the minimum output p.d. of the power supply?
a 11.2v b_ 16.0v c 18.4v d 20.8v

38 which elementary particle is a lepton?
a proton
b_ neutron
c_ electron
d quark
a

39 how many down quarks are in a nucleus of hydrogen-3, {h?
a 2 b 3 cc 4 d5

40 what is the correct equation for b° decay?
a neutron — proton + electron + electron antineutrino
b neutron —> proton + electron + electron neutrino
c_ proton — neutron + positron + electron antineutrino
d_ proton — neutron + positron + electron neutrino
agg ss  2....qqqqqqqu

Solve 9702_s18_qp_11