physics

1. which statement is not a reasonable estimate?
a atmospheric pressure at sea level is about 1 x 10°pa.
b_ light takes 5 x 10°s to reach us from the sun.
c_ the frequency of ultraviolet light is 3 x 10°? hz.
d_ the lifespan of a man is about 2 x 10°s.

2 three of these quantities have the same unit.
which quantity has a different unit?
a energy
distance
b_ force
c power x time
d rate of change of momentum

3 which group of quantities contains only vectors?
a_ acceleration, displacement, speed
b_ acceleration, work, electric field strength
c_ displacement, force, velocity
d power, electric field strength, force

4 an ammeter is calibrated so that it shows a full-scale deflection when it measures a current of
2.0a.
the diagram shows the display of this ammeter when it is measuring a current.
4 6
2% 8
9 70
» 2 383 4
9 s
which current is the ammeter measuring?
a 0.75a b 1.5a c 3.8a d 7.5a

5 the width of a table is measured as (50.3 + 0.1)cm. its length is measured as (1.40 + 0.01) m.
what is the area of the table and its absolute uncertainty?
a (0.7 +0.1)m?*
b (0.704 + 0.006) m?
c (0.704 + 0.011)m?
d (70.4+0.6)m?

6 asstone is projected horizontally at time t = 0 and falls. air resistance is negligible. the stone has
a horizontal component of velocity v, and a vertical component of velocity w.
which graph shows how vy and w vary with time t?
a b
velocity wy velocity va
vu ww
0 0
0 t 0 t
cc yw d
velocity vi velocity vi
\
0 0
) t ) t

7 two isolated spheres have masses 2.0 kg and 4.0kg. the spheres collide and then move apart.
during the collision, the 2.0kg mass has an average acceleration of 8.0ms~.
what is the average acceleration of the 4.0kg mass?
a 2.0ms” b 4.0ms* c 8.0ms* d 16ms?

8 a mass is placed on a frictionless slope inclined at 30° to the horizontal. the mass is then
released.
what is its acceleration down the slope?
a 49ms? b 5.7ms? c 85ms? d 98ms?

9 a parachutist falls vertically from rest at time t = 0 from a hot-air balloon. she falls for some
distance before opening her parachute.
which graph best shows the variation with time t of the speed v of the parachutist?
a b
v vv
0 0
0 t 0 t
cc d
v v
0 0
0 e 0 t

10 a ship of mass 8.4 x 10’kg is approaching a harbour with speed 16.4ms . by using reverse
thrust it can maintain a constant total stopping force of 920000n.
how long will it take to stop?
a 15 seconds
b 150 seconds
c 25 minutes
d 250 minutes

11 a rigid, hollow sphere is immersed deep in water and released from rest. it experiences an
upthrust which propels it towards the surface of the water.
which graph best shows the variation with time t of its upward velocity v?
a b
vt vv
0 0
0 t 0 t
cc d
v vv
0 0
0 t 0 t

12 a flat metal disc has radius r.
forces of magnitude f are applied tangentially at the edge of the disc. the forces are in the plane
of the disc.
which arrangement of forces produces only a torque of magnitude 2fr?
a b cc d
f f 2f 2f

13 the diagram shows the jib of a crane at an angle of 35° to the vertical. a cable passes over a
frictionless pulley and carries a load of 1830n.
r
cable pulley
35°
jib 35°! cable
1830n
the force r that the pulley exerts on the cable is in line with the jib. the cable and the pulley are
in equilibrium.
what is the value of r?
a 1000n b  1500n c 2100n d 3000n

14 what is a unit for density?
a nm? b gmm* c kgcm? d uwgmm?

15 which statement about energy is not correct?
a energy is never lost but it may be transferred between different forms.
b_inan inelastic collision, the total energy is constant.
c_ the efficiency of a system is the ratio of the useful energy output to the total energy input.
d when a machine does work, friction reduces the total energy.

16 an electric kettle is rated as having an input power of 1.50 kw and an efficiency of 65.0%.
the kettle is switched on for 2.00 minutes.
how much energy is transferred to the water in the kettle?
a 0.975kj b 117kj c 180kj d 277kj

17 ona planet, a gravitational force f acts on a mass of 6.0kg. the mass is moved by force f a
distance of 30 m in the direction of the gravitational field. the work done by the field is 450 j.
what is the force f on the mass and what is the acceleration of free fall g on the planet?
[fn | aims |

a 0.067 0.011
b 0.067 0.40
cc 15 2.5
d 15 90

18 agirl of mass 50kg runs up a flight of 20 steps in 7.0 seconds. each step is 25cm high.
what is the useful average output power provided by the girl to climb the flight of steps?
a 18w b 36w c 350w d 2500w

19 in an experiment to measure the young modulus of a metal, a wire of the metal of diameter
0.25 mm is clamped, as shown.
wire
pulley clamp
pulley
mete
f
scale
the wire passes from a clamp, around a frictionless pulley, and then to a second frictionless
pulley where loads f are applied to it. a marker is attached to the wire so that the total length of
wire between the clamp and the marker is initially 3.70 m. a scale is fixed near to this marker.
the graph shows how the reading on the scale varies with f.
8.0
ae
sea be ft
re cl
4.0
aot} [| j tf
rot | | [ | |
io [| [| [| [|
of | | | |
0 2 4 6 8 10
fin
what is the young modulus of the metal?
a 5.5x10"pa
b 9.4x10"pa
c 1.6x10''pa
d 2.2x10''pa

20 a scientist is investigating the properties of a new material. she plots a force-extension graph for

the material up to its breaking point.

force r

q
0 pp
) extension

which statement must be correct?
a_ the area under the graph from p to r is the strain energy stored in the material.
b_ the area under the graph from p to r is the work done in stretching the material.
c_ the material stretches elastically from q to r.
d_ the material stretches plastically from p to q.

21 a progressive sound wave in air has amplitude xo and intensity j.
the amplitude of the wave increases to 3x0.
what is the new intensity of the wave?
a z b t c 3i d of

22 the variation with distance x of the displacement y of a transverse wave on a rope is shown at
time t= 0.
the wave has a frequency of 0.5 hz.
a point x on the rope is marked. the diagram shows the original position of x and four new
positions.
what is the position of x at time t= 1s?
direction of
x c d propagation
y ° se
; (a\ / /
0 x
| 3

23 a sound wave is detected by a microphone. ihe output trom the microphone is connected to the
y-input of a cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.). the trace on the c.r.o. is shown.
esesarnens
ees
lial ial t ta
line tn ty
lp ty tey te
lat ata tat ye
fim eee
apl jl
berra
pme ih
the time-base is set at 0.20 ms per division.
what is the frequency of the sound wave?
a 1000 hz b  1250hz c 2000hz d 2500hz
—_—_reeve=7er:=nhnbh=aeu"n nn e_—,_eaeeoeoeeeeeeeeeeeee ree ee

24 a bat flies directly towards a fixed ultrasound detector at a speed of 25.0ms™ emitting pulses of
ultrasound of frequency 40.0 khz.
the speed of sound in air is 330ms"*.
which frequency does the ultrasound detector record?
a 37.0khz b  37.2khz c 43.0khz d 43.3khz

25 an electromagnetic wave has a wavelength of 1.0 x 10-’m.
to which region of the electromagnetic spectrum does this wave belong?
a infra-red
b ultraviolet
c visible
d x-ray

26 the diagram shows a stationary wave on a string. the stationary wave has three nodes n;, nz
and n3.
which statement is correct?
a_ all points on the string vibrate in phase.
b_ all points on the string vibrate with the same amplitude.
c_ points equidistant from nz vibrate with the same frequency and in phase.
d_ points equidistant from nz vibrate with the same frequency and the same amplitude.

2/ in which situation does diffraction occur?
a awave bounces back from a surface.
b  awave passes from one medium into another.
c  awave passes through an aperture.
d waves from two identical sources are superposed.

28 a student connects two loudspeakers to a signal generator.
°q
a@
signal a
aa
ep
as the student walks from p to q, he notices that the loudness of the sound rises and falls
repeatedly.
what causes the loudness of the sound to vary?
a diffraction of the sound waves
b_ doppler shift of the sound waves
c interference of the sound waves
d_ reflection of the sound waves

29 a parallel beam of white light is incident normally on a diffraction grating. the second-order and
third-order spectra partially overlap.
which wavelength in the third-order spectrum appears at the same angle as the wavelength of
600 nm in the second-order spectrum?
a 300nm b 400nm c 600nm d 900nm

30 two parallel metal plates are at electric potentials of +800 v and +1300v.
which diagram best represents the electric field between the metal plates?
a b
+800v +1300v +800v +1300v
cc d
+800v +1300v +800 v +1300v

31 the diagram shows two metal plates p and q. there is a potential difference of 700v between
the plates. plate q is earthed.
-700v
plate p
5.0mm er
plate q
= ov

what is the magnitude and direction of the electric field at point r?
a 1.4.x 10?nc™ from p towards q
b 1.4.x 10°nc™ from q towards p
c 1.4x 10°nc™ from p towards q
d 1.4.x 10°nc™ from q towards p

32 the current j in a copper wire can be calculated using the equation shown.
i = anvq
what does the symbol v represent?
a the average drift velocity of the charge carriers
b_ the instantaneous velocity of the charge carriers
c_ the voltage applied across the wire
d_ the volume of the wire

33 three resistors are to be connected into a circuit with the arrangement shown.
x 100q 100q y
o ld ld o
[|
the power in any resistor must not be greater than 4.0 w.
what is the maximum voltage across xy?
a 24v b 30v c 40v d 60v

34 gold is sometimes used to make very small connecting wires in electronic circuits.
a particular gold wire has length 2.50 x 10m and cross-sectional area 6.25 x 10° m*. gold has
resistivity 2.30 x 10°qm.
what is the resistance of the wire?
a 36x10"%q
b 58x 10%
cc 9.2x10*aq
d 68x 10°q

35 a resistor x of resistance 40q and a variable resistor are connected to a battery of electromotive

force (e.m.f.) 12v and internal resistance 2.0q, as shown.

| 12v

| | 2.00 |

0-400

409
x

the resistance of the variable resistor is changed from 0 to 40q.
what is the change in power dissipated in resistor x?
a 24w b 2.7w c 3.6w d 5.6w

36 all the resistors shown in the resistor networks w, x, y and z have the same resistance.

ww x
¥ z

which list gives the networks in order of increasing total resistance?

a w>z>y>x

b x»w>yoz

c x~yo>w>z

d x»~yo>z>w

37 in the circuit shown, the ammeter reading is zero.
/ 500 r |
12v 24v
/ 100q 2000 |
what is the resistance of resistor r?
a 1000 b 2000 cc 4000 d 6000

38 a neutron collides with a nucleus of uranium-235. one possible nuclear reaction that results is
represented by the equation
72u + on > ‘nd + 52ge + x
where x represents one or more particles.
what does x represent?
a one neutron
b_ two electrons
c_ two neutrons
d_ two protons

39 anucleus q has the notation yq.
which of the following is an isotope of q?
a jq b ,4q c 20 d yq

40 in decay, a neutron inside a nucleus changes to a proton.
which statement describes the quark composition of the nucleus during the decay?
a the number of down quarks decreases by one.
b the number of down quarks increases by one.
c the number of down quarks stays the same.
d the number of up quarks stays the same.

Solve 9702_w18_qp_13