physics

1 which unit can be expressed in base units as kgm*s 7?
a joule
b newton
c pascal
d_ watt

2 ~the luminosity l of a star is given by
l=4nr?ot*
where
ris the radius of the star,
t is the temperature of the star and
cis a constant with units wm~*k~.
what are the si base units of l?
a kgm’s* b kgm’s? c kgm’s? d kgm’*s*

3 a particle has velocity v at an angle @to the horizontal.
the components of the particle’s velocity are v, upwards in the vertical direction and v,, to the
right in the horizontal direction, as shown.
v, y
0
vi
what are expressions for the magnitude of v and for the angle 6?
a v24v2 tant [mn
mv 2+v,?) v.
afv,
b v(v,2+v,?) tan vv.
h
# ( vin
c | jv2-v,2) tan” |"
dd! jvv,2-v,2) tan (mw
v h v,,

4 awhale produces sound waves of frequency 5hz. the waves are detected by a microphone and
displayed on an oscilloscope.
pt tt | tt ty
ft tt tt
wv aa a
bvevevey,
ft tt tt tt tt
ptet et et
what is the time-base setting on the oscilloscope?
a 0o.1msdiv' b= 1msdiv' c 10msdiv"' d 100msdiv'

5 the speed shown on a car's speedometer is proportional to the rate of rotation of the tyres.
the variation of the diameter of a tyre as it wears introduces an error in the speed shown on the
speedometer.
a car has new tyres of diameter 600mm. the speedometer is accurately calibrated for this
diameter.
the tyres wear as shown, with 6 mm of material being removed from the outer surface.
ti not to scale
‘8 mm
\ new tyre
a
\ worn tyre
what is the error in the speed shown on the speedometer after this wear has taken place?
a_ the speed shown is too high by 1%.
b_ the speed shown is too high by 2%.
c_ the speed shown is too low by 1%.
d_ the speed shown is too low by 2%.

6 acar travels along a straight horizontal road. the graph shows the variation of the velocity v of
the car with time f for 6.0s of its journey.
30 oe
ee ba a gg a a a a a a fr nd a ggg a |
0 |
0 |
vims* eee eee eee eee eee
eee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee ee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee
feeeeeee eere eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eee
29 -eeeeeeeeeeprree eee eee eee eee eere eee eeee eee
2 a a 2 a op pp pd 2 |
ceeeeec ss ccceeeeco (a alalalalet ssi
teeter ett tet ett
cece coccassco os a a ee
cece cecceeeuacsece ccceeeeeo cece eee
ie lee n led ler
1 a ler cccceeee i
10 iim | ppa | ca a
eee eee eee eee eee eee eee pse eee ee eee eee
eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eee eee eee
eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee heh
ci an ai ei dl
beshodo#an ufafodonszeofafavoscoeofafefecsceafotevecscfafatl
pp ees oe 20 ed 60 zs ess ese cress ree
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
tis
the brakes of the car are applied from t= 1.0s to t=4.0s.
how far does the car travel while the brakes are applied?
a 21m b 45m cc 67m d 83m

6 a positive charge of 2.6 x 10 ~c is in a uniform electric field of tleld strength 300000vm =.
how much work must be done on the charge in order to move it a distance of 4.0mm in the
opposite direction to the direction of the field?
a 3.1x10°j
b 2.0x10°j
c 31x107j
d 2.0j

9 each diagram illustrates a pair of forces of equal magnitude.
which diagram gives an example of a pair of forces that is described by newton’s third law of
motion?
a b
total gravitational
resistive — driving attraction
forces zcie ss force
q-={ ©
gravitational
attraction
cc d
support force lift
sa
=d
weight
weight

10 a stone is dropped from a tall building. air resistance is significant. the variation of distance
fallen with time is shown by the dashed line.
a second stone with the same dimensions but a smaller mass is dropped from the same building.
which line represents the motion of the second stone?
a b ;
distance era of first stone
“ c
a d
a
0 time

11 a helium atom of mass m collides normally with a wall. the atom arrives at the wall with speed v
and then rebounds along its original path. assume that the collision is perfectly elastic.
what is the change in the momentum of the atom during its collision?
a zero b 0.5mv cc mv d 2mv

12 acylindrical iceberg of height h floats in sea water. the top of the iceberg is at height h above
the surface of the water.
iceberg
me
h
sea water
the density of ice is p; and the density of sea water is pw.
what is the height h of the iceberg above the sea water?
a [1-2 \q b fal c fey dp fh
pw pw pi pw

13 acouple is applied to a tap as shown.
f
pivot
tap
6 ==—)
l
‘gr!
; d : d
f
what is the torque of the couple?
a = b fd c 2fd d 4fd

14 acrane uses a counterweight to stop it from toppling over when lifting a load, as shown.
pivot
counterweight
5000 kg 17.0m
not to 12.0kn
scale
crane

the counterweight has a mass of 5000kg. the crane is required to lift a load of 12.0kn and the
horizontal distance from the pivot to the load is 17.0m.
how far from the pivot should the centre of gravity of the counterweight be positioned in order to
keep the crane in equilibrium?
a 0.0408m b  0.240m c 4.16m d 40.8m

15 three parallel forces act on an object. as a result of these forces, the object is in equilibrium.
what must be correct for these forces?
a they all act along the same line.
b_ they all have the same magnitude.
c_ they do not all act along the same line.
d_ they do not all have the same magnitude.

16 an empty glass beaker has a mass of 103g. when filled with water, it has a total mass of 361g.
when filled with cooking oil, it has a total mass of 351g.
the density of water is 1.00gcm~.
what is the density of the cooking oil?
a 0.961gcm° b 0.972gcm* c= 1.03gcm® d 1.04gcm®

17 a rope is attached to a sledge and a boy uses the rope to pull the sledge along a horizontal
surface with a constant velocity. the tension in the rope is 100n and the rope is held at 30° to
the horizontal.

100n
rope
sledge
zo 30°).

horizontal

surface
how much work does the boy do on the sledge when he pulls it a distance of 5.0m along the
surface?
a 250j b 290j c 430j d 500j

18 the kinetic energy & of an object of mass m moving at speed v is given by the equation shown.
e. = £mv
which equation is not used in the derivation of this equation?
a f=ma b s=vt c v=u?+2as d w=fs

19 a grasshopper of mass 0.12g jumps vertically. it uses its dack legs over a time of 0.020s to jump,
leaving the ground with a velocity of 3.0ms™.
what is the average power developed by the legs of the grasshopper?
a 9.0x10°w b 1.8x10°7w c 27x10?w d 37w

20 a spring of original length 100 mm is compressed by a force. the graph shows the variation of the
compressing force f with the length l of the spring.
12
fin 40
8
6
4
2
0
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
l/mm
what is the energy stored in the spring when the length is 70mm?
a 0.090j b0.21j c 0.27) d 0.63j

21 a0.80m length of steel wire and a 1.4m length of brass wire are joined together. the combined

wires are suspended from a fixed support and a force of 40n is applied, as shown.
steel
brass
40n

the young modulus of steel is 2.0 x 10''pa.

the young modulus of brass is 1.0 x 10"'pa.

each wire has a cross-sectional area of 2.4 x 10°°m*.

the wires obey hooke’s law.

what is the total extension? ignore the weights of the wires.

a 1.7x10¢*m b 3.0x10*m c 3.9x10%m d 9.0x10*m

22 a transverse wave in a medium has the waveform shown, where
y = vertical displacement and x = horizontal distance.

the speed of the wave is 20.0cms™.

moq eee

y/mm
0 x/cm
0 2. 0 6. 0

aol £_._-..------»
a particle of the medium oscillates vertically.
which graph of vertical displacement y against time f best represents the motion of this particle?

a b

23 the graph shows the variation of the displacement of particles with distance along a transverse
wave at an instant in time. the wave is moving to the right.
which position along the wave corresponds to a point where particles in the wave are travelling
the fastest upwards?
direction of
displacement d travel of wang
0
0 a c distance
| b

24 along tube, filled with water, has a tap fitted at its base, as shown.
a tuning fork is sounded above the tube and the water is allowed to run gradually out of the tube.
tuning fork
tube
water

tap
a louder sound is heard at intervals as the water runs out of the tube. the change in water level
between louder sounds is 32cm.
what is the wavelength of the sound in the tube?
a 16cm b 32cm c 64cm d 128cm

25 a stationary insect on the surface of water creates circular waves with its legs, as shown in
diagram 1. the insect begins to travel to the right as shown in diagram 2.
insect
diagram 1 diagram 2

which row describes the change to the waves at x caused by the movement of the insect?
[| teaseney [wave speed

a decreases increases

b decreases stays the same

cc increases increases

d increases stays the same

26 a toy motorboat moving with constant velocity v vibrates up and down on the surface of a pond.
this causes the boat to act as a source of circular water waves of frequency 2.0hz. the speed of
the waves is 1.5ms™.

a man, standing at the edge of the pond, observes that the waves from the boat approach him
with a frequency of 3.0 hz.
the formula for doppler effect calculations with sound waves may also be used for water waves.
what is a possible value of v?
[| svecerms* [aston |

a 0.50 directly away from the man

b 0.50 directly towards the man

cc 0.75 directly away from the man

d 0.75 directly towards the man

27 two progressive waves of frequency 300hz superpose to produce a stationary wave in which
adjacent nodes are 1.5m apart.
what is the speed of the progressive waves?
a 100ms‘ b 200ms" c 450ms' d 900ms™

28 the diagrams show the diffraction of water waves in a ripple tank as they pass through a gap
between two barriers.
which diagram is correct?
a b
lip) i )
cc d

29 a doublie-siit interference experiment is set up as shown.
red
light
source
single double screen
slit slit
not to scale

fringes are formed on the screen. the distance between successive bright fringes is found to be
4mm.
two changes are then made to the experimental arrangement. the double slit is replaced by
another double slit which has half the spacing. the screen is moved so that its distance from the
double slit is twice as great.
what is now the distance between successive bright fringes?
a 1mm b 4mm c 8mm d 16mm

30 the interference patterns from a diffraction grating and a double slit are compared.
using the diffraction grating, yellow light of the first order is seen at 30° to the normal to the
grating.
the same light produces interference fringes on a screen 1.0m from the double slit. the slit
separation is 500 times greater than the line spacing of the grating.
what is the fringe separation on the screen?
a 2.5x107m
b 1.0x10°m
cc 1.0x10%m
d 1.0x10'm

31 which diagram shows the pattern of the electric field lines due to a negative point charge?
a b cc d

32. in an electrolyte, the electric current is carried by charged particles (ions) in solution.
what is not a possible value for the charge on an ion in solution?
a -48x10-°c
b +1.6x10°°c
c +3.2x10%c
d +4.0x10°%c

33 a voltmeter connected between two points p and q in an electrical circuit shows a reading of 1v.
+ mst
p q

which statement is correct?

a_ the energy needed to move +1 c of charge from p to qis 1j.

b_ the energy needed to move +1 c of charge from q to p is 1 j.

c_ the energy needed to move one electron from p to q is 1j.

d_ the energy needed to move one electron from q to p is 1j.

34 which graph best represents the variation with current j of potential difference v for a filament
lamp?
a b
vv vv
—0 —
| i | ve
cc d
vv vv
————0 ———$_;
| i | i

35 when a battery is connected to a resistor, the battery gradually becomes warm. this causes the
internal resistance of the battery to increase whilst its electromotive force (e.m.f.) stays
unchanged.

as the internal resistance of the battery increases, how do the terminal potential difference and
the output power change, if at all?
terminal potential sutsutioower
difference pu

a decreases decreases

b decreases unchanged

cc unchanged decreases

d unchanged unchanged

36 acell is connected to a resistor of resistance 3.00. the current in the resistor is 1.00a.
a second identical resistor is added in parallel. the current becomes 1.93a.
what are the e.m.f. e and internal resistance r of the cell?
[ew [na]
a 0.113 3.11
b 3.04 0.0358
cc 3.11 0.113
d 9.34 6.34

37 a battery with negligible internal resistance is connected to three resistors, as shown.
on x
all three resistors have the same resistance.
the current in the battery is 0.30a.
what is the current in resistor x?
a 0.10a b 0.15a c 0.20a d 0.30a

38 the diagram shows a potentiometer and a fixed resistor connected across a 12v battery of
negligible internal resistance.
fixed resistor
20q
ay |
20q
output

the fixed resistor and the potentiometer each have resistance 20q. the circuit is designed to
provide a variable output voltage.
what is the range of output voltages?
a 0-6v b 0-12v c 6-12v d 12-20v

39 which statement about the alpha-particle scattering experiment provides evidence for the
existence of the nucleus?
a a\tiny proportion of the alpha-particles are deflected through large angles.
b_ slower alpha-particles are deflected through larger angles.
c_ the kinetic energies of the deflected alpha-particles are unchanged.
d the number of alpha-particles deflected depends on the thickness of the foil.

40 some particles are a combination of three quarks.
which combination of quarks would not result in a particle with a charge of either +1.6 x 10°c
or zero?
a up, down, down
b_up, strange, strange
cup, up, down
d_up, up, up

Solve 9702_s19_qp_11