physics

1. which quantity with its unit is correct?
a acceleration of a bicycle = 1.4ms”'
b_ electric current in a lamp = 0.25as"
c electric potential difference across a battery = 8.0jc™
d_ kinetic energy of a car = 4500nm*

2 which two units are not equivalent to each other?
a nmandkgm’s*
b nsandkgms"'
c js‘ andkgm’?s*
d paandkgms”

3 the arrow represents a vector r.
which diagram does not represent r as two perpendicular components?
a b
cc d

4 what could reduce systematic errors?
a_ averaging a large number of measurements
b_ careful calibration of measuring instruments
c_ reducing the sample size
d_ repeating measurements
ey

5 the power loss p in a resistor is calculated using the formula p = rp
the percentage uncertainty in the potential difference v is 3% and the percentage uncertainty in
the resistance ris 2%.
what is the percentage uncertainty in p?
a 4% b 7% c 8% d 11%

6 a lead sphere is released from rest at point x, a long way above the surface of a planet. the
sphere falls in a vacuum. after a time of 4.0s, it has fallen through a vertical distance of 3.0m.
assume the acceleration of free fall is constant.

how far will the sphere have fallen from point x at a time of 20s after its release?
a 15m b 75m cc 80m d 2000m

7 a box rests on the earth, as shown.
newton’s third law describes how forces of the same type act in pairs. one of the forces of a pair
is the weight w of the box.
which arrow represents the other force of this pair?
b
box
fe,
not to
scale
earth

8 a snowflake is falling from the sky on a still day. its weight acts vertically downwards and air
resistance acts vertically upwards. as the snowflake falls, air resistance increases until it is equal
to the weight and there is no resultant force acting on the snowflake.

air resistance

aie

uat

weight
when the forces become equal, which statement is correct?
a_ the snowflake accelerates.
b_ the snowflake decelerates.
c_ the snowflake is stationary.
d_ the snowflake moves at a constant velocity.

9 two objects x and y in an isolated system undergo a perfectly elastic collision. the velocities of
the objects before and after the collision are shown.
20ms* 12ms* 10ms* vv
a ae —_———_— —— —_
before after
collision collision
what is the speed v of y after the collision?
a 2.0ms‘ b 18ms" c 22ms" d 24ms'

10 a solid sphere, which is less dense than water, is held completely immersed in water a few
metres below the surface. the density of the water is uniform.
the sphere is released. immediately after release, the sphere rises.
which row correctly describes the changes in the upthrust on the sphere and the resultant force
on the sphere?
upthrust on resultant force
the sphere on the sphere
a constant increasing
b constant decreasing
cc decreasing increasing
d decreasing decreasing

11 the diagram shows two pairs x and y of parallel forces.
x y
20n 40n
ol tt
50cm | 50 a
2 a
40n 20n
which statement is correct?
a xis equivalent to a clockwise torque of 10nm and a force of 20n to the left.
b= xis equivalent to a clockwise torque of 20n™m only.
cy is equivalent to an anticlockwise torque of 30nm and a force of 20n to the left.
dy is equivalent to an anticlockwise torque of 30n™m only.

12 aheavy ball hanging from a cable is held in equilibrium by a chain, as shown.
pf
point of
suspension
cable
chain
heavy ball
which vector diagram shows the three forces acting on the ball?
a b
tension tension
in cable in cable
weight weight
of ball of ball
tension tension
in chain in chain
cc d
tension weight tension weight
in cable of ball in cable of ball
tension tension
in chain in chain

13 atsea level, atmospheric pressure is 100kpa and the density of air is 1.3kgm™°.
assume that the density of air decreases linearly with height above sea level.
what is an estimate of the total height of the atmosphere based on this information?
a 7.8km b 16km cc 77km d 150km

14 trains supply coal to a power station. the table shows quantities describing the operation of the
power station.
ata [7
power station average output p ww
number of trains per day n
mass of coal on a train m kg
energy from 1 kg of coal e j
number of seconds in one day ss
which expression gives the efficiency of the power station?
a —ps_ b psn c nme p nm
nme me ps pse
lee

15 a piston in a gas supply pump has an area of 500 cm* and it moves a distance of 30cm.
the pump moves the gas against a fixed pressure of 4000 pa.
how much work is done by the piston?
a 60j b 6.0x 10°j c 6.0x 10°j d 60x 10'j

16 asteel ball is falling at constant speed in oil.
which graph shows the variation with time of the gravitational potential energy e, and the kinetic
energy e, of the ball?
a b
energy energy
e, e,
ee e,
0 time 0 time
cc d
e, ey
energy energy
e, e,
0 time 0 time

17 the maximum useful output power of a car travelling on a horizontal road is p. the total resistive
force acting on the car is kv’, where vis the speed of the car and k is a constant.
which equation is correct when the car is travelling at maximum speed?
p p p)\* p)\°
a vat b vee cc vel|= d v=l{£
k k k k

18 initially, four identical uniform blocks, each of mass m and thickness h, are spread on a table.
os =|
the acceleration of free fall is g.
how much work is done on the blocks in stacking them on top of one another?
a 3mgh b 6mgh c 8&mgh d 10mgh

19 the stress-strain graph for a wire is shown.
stress/10°pa
2a peesseeseeeay
0 1 1
0 1.4
strain/ 107°
what is the young modulus of the material of the wire?
a 6.7x10"pa
b 6.7x10°pa
c 1.5x10®pa
d 1.5x10"'pa

20 the diagram shows a force—extension graph for a rubber band as the band is extended and then
the stretching force is decreased to zero.
force rubber
band
a
rubber
band
contracts
0
0) extension
what can be deduced from the graph?
a_ the rubber band does not return to its original length when the force is decreased to zero.
b_ the rubber band obeys hooke’s law for the extensions shown.
c_ the rubber band remains elastic for the extensions shown.
d_ the shaded area represents the work done in extending the rubber band.

21 which statement about light waves and sound waves is not correct?
a light waves and sound waves can both demonstrate the doppler effect.
b light waves are transverse waves and sound waves are longitudinal waves.
c light waves can be diffracted but sound waves cannot.
d light waves can travel in a vacuum but sound waves cannot.

22 the graph represents a sound wave.
3
displacement
/um
0
0 fp 10 18 5 30 35 45 50 55
time/ms
-3
which statement is correct?
a the wave is longitudinal and has a period of 25ms.
b_ the wave is longitudinal and has a frequency of 50 hz.
c_ the wave is transverse and has an amplitude of 3 um.
d_ the wave is transverse and has a wavelength of 20 ms.

23 a cathode-ray oscilloscope (cro) is used to display a wave of frequency 5.0 khz. the display is

shown.
pt te te te et
alia tal ial ial |
bearararae
burr
pme ve me ve ma
ft tt tt tl tt shee

1cm
what is the time-base setting of the cro?
a 10puscm™ b 100uscm' c 10mscm™ d 100mscm"'

24 a siren emits sound of frequency 1000hz. the siren moves at 20ms™ towards an observer who
is standing still.
the speed of sound in the air is 330ms™.
which expression would correctly give the frequency heard by the observer?
g 1000 x 330
330 + 20
b 1000 x 330
330-20
c 1000 (330 + 20)
330
d 1000 (330 — 20)
330

25 a source of sound of constant power p is situated in an open space. the intensity j of sound at

distance r from this source is given by

p
i= —...
a4nr?
how does the amplitude a of the vibrating air molecules vary with the distance r from the source?
a acl b act c acr d acr?
f fe

26 in an experiment to demonstrate a stationary wave, two microwave transmitters, emitting waves
of wavelength 4cm, are set facing each other, as shown.
transmitter transmitter
d :
detector
a detector is moved along a straight line between the transmitters. it detects positions of
maximum and minimum signal. the detector is a distance d from the left-hand transmitter.
assume that both transmitters are at antinodes of the stationary wave.
which row gives a value of d for a maximum and for a minimum?
value of d for value of d for
a maximum/cm a minimum/cm

a 46 48

b 47 48

cc 48 47

d 49 47

27 the graph shows how the height of the water surface at a point in a harbour varies with time t as
waves pass the point.
height
mean height <b ns
| ' t
tg
' q '
what are p and q?
a displacement period
b displacement wavelength
cc amplitude period
d amplitude wavelength

28 the diagram shows a sketch of a wave pattern over a short period of time.
zsyn\ bay ba zysesta f859, 4shx43—@558
ss. sa sass sa sa,
; '
; 1.0m
which description of this wave is correct?
a_ the wave is longitudinal, has a wavelength of 20cm and is stationary.
b_ the wave is transverse, has a wavelength of 20cm and is stationary.
c_ the wave is transverse, has a wavelength of 40cm and is progressive.
d_ the wave is transverse, has a wavelength of 40cm and is stationary.

29 the double-slit experiment demonstrates interference between two coherent sources of light
waves. in the diagram, the curved lines represent wavefronts.
at which point does complete destructive interference (a minimum) occur?
a
\
)) ;
))) ;
))) :
/
single slit
double slit

30 light of wavelength 567 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating. the grating has 400 lines
per mm. a number of diffraction maxima are observed on the far side of the grating.
what is the angle between the second-order maximum and the third-order maximum?
a 13.1° b_ 13.9° cc 15.9° d = 27.0°

31 the diagram shows the electric field pattern between two opposite and unequal point charges
p andq.
which statement about the charges is correct?
a pis negatively charged and has a smaller charge than q.
b_ ps negatively charged and has a greater charge than q.
c_ pis positively charged and has a smaller charge than q.
d_ pis positively charged and has a greater charge than q.

32 a.uniform electric field is represented by five horizontal field lines.
coo
= os
ep °q

—— >a

-————qo i —
p and q are two points in the field. the field causes a positively charged particle in a vacuum to
move from p to q.
which statement must be correct?
a_ the acceleration of the particle between p and q is increasing.
b_ the kinetic energy of the particle at p is the same as the kinetic energy of the particle at q.
c_ the force on the particle at q is greater than the force on the particle at p.
d_ work is done on the particle as it moves from p to q.

33 a metal electrical conductor has a resistance of 5.6kq. a potential difference (p.d.) of 9.0v is
applied across its ends.
how many electrons pass a point in the conductor in one minute?
a 6.0 x 10? b 10x10" c 60x10" d 1.0 x 10°

34 a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 12v and negligible internal resistance is connected to

three resistors, each of resistance 6.09, as shown.

6.0q

6.0q
ld
r
ld
12v

what is the power dissipated in resistor r?
a 2.7w b 6.0w cc 11w d 24w

35 a box containing two electrical components is connected into a circuit.
of] ©
lz |
the variable resistor is adjusted and measurements are taken to determine the j—v characteristic
for the box, as shown.
ik.
| v
which arrangement of two electrical components in the box would create the best fit to the
measured j—v characteristic?
a_afilament lamp and a fixed resistor in parallel
ba filament lamp and a fixed resistor in series
c asemiconductor diode and a filament lamp in parallel
d asemiconductor diode and a filament lamp in series

36 a cell of internal resistance 0.5 is connected to a fixed resistor of resistance 10.
the resistance of the resistor is changed to 20q.
which statement is not correct?
a the current in the circuit will halve.
b- the e.m.f. of the cell will remain constant.
c_ the power dissipated by the fixed resistor will decrease.
d_ the terminal p.d. of the cell will increase.

37 which row correctly describes kirchhoff's laws?
physics principle physics principle
kirchhoff's first law applied for first | kirchhoff's second law applied for
law second law

a the sum of the conservation the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation
currents entering a of charge around any closed loop of energy
junction equals the in a circuit equals the
sum of the currents sum of the p.d.s around
leaving the junction. the same loop.

b the sum of the conservation the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation
currents entering a of energy around any closed loop of charge
junction equals the in a circuit equals the
sum of the currents sum of the p.d.s around
leaving the junction. the same loop.

c | the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation the sum of the currents conservation
around any closed of energy entering a junction of charge

loop in a circuit equals equals the sum of the
the sum of the p.d.s currents leaving the
around the same loop. junction.

d | the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation the sum of the currents conservation
around any closed of charge entering a junction of energy

loop in a circuit equals equals the sum of the
the sum of the p.d.s currents leaving the
around the same loop. junction.

38 in the circuit shown, all the resistors are identical.
| ce
vw 7. -o>
a | ae
3

the reading v; is 8.0 v and the reading v2 is 1.0v.
what are the readings on the other voltmeters?
ann]

a 1.5 1.0

b 3.0 2.0

cc 4.5 3.0

d 6.0 4.0

39 a radioactive nucleus emits an a-particle or a b particle, creating a product nucleus.
which decay could create the product nucleus stated?
[[reiessivenuccus | decay | _productrusieus

a ra a oern
b eu o pu
c ra ba lay
d aath ba 23'pa

40 which statement is correct?
a electrons and neutrinos are fundamental particles.
b_ electrons and neutrinos are hadrons.
c_ protons and neutrons are leptons.
d_ protons and neutrons are quarks.

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