physics

1 the table shows some measurable quantities.
which row gives the correct order of magnitude of the measurable quantity in the stated unit?
measurable quantity ong tit unit
magnitude

a mass of a coin 104 kg

b thickness of a sheet of paper 10° m

c weight of an apple 10° n

d temperature of a person’s body 10' k

2 a byte (b) comprises 8 bits.
how many bits are there in 1 terabyte (1tb)?
a 1x 10° b 8x 10° c 1x10” d 8x10"

3. which pair of quantities contains both a scalar and a vector?
a_ acceleration and momentum
b_ charge and resistance
c_ kinetic energy and mass
d_ temperature and velocity

4 a transmitter emits a pulse of electromagnetic waves towards a reflector. the pulse is reflected
and returns to the transmitter.
a detector is located at the transmitter. the emitted pulse and the reflected pulse are displayed
on a cathode-ray oscilloscope (cro) as shown.
ek { 1cm

=

1cm
the pulse takes 6.3 ps to travel from the transmitter to the reflector.
what is the time-base setting of the cro?
a 2.1uscm™ b 3.2uscm" c 4.2uscm" d 6.3uscm™

5 a micrometer is used to measure the diameters of two cylinders.
diameter of first cylinder = (12.78 + 0.02)mm
diameter of second cylinder = (16.24 + 0.03)mm
the difference in the diameters is calculated.
what is the uncertainty in this difference?
a 0.01mm b 0.02mm c 0.03mm d 0.05mm

6 a sstone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff and falls into the sea below. air resistance is
negligible. the path of the stone is shown.
stone
cliff —_
sea
in which direction does the resultant force on the stone act during its fall?
a horizontally to the right
b parallel to its velocity
c perpendicular to its velocity
d vertically downwards

8 a person of mass 60kg stands on accurate bathroom scales, placed on the floor of an
elevator (lift) which operates in a tall building.
at a certain instant the bathroom scales read 58 kg.
which row could give the person’s direction of movement and type of motion?
| areaton [maton
a downwards constant speed
b downwards slowing down
cc upwards constant speed
d upwards slowing down

9 the diagram shows graphs of various quantities plotted against time for an object dropped from a
stationary balloon high in the atmosphere.
graph 1 graph 2
aa lx
0 time 0 time
graph 3 graph 4
ka __.
0 time 0 time
which statement could be correct?
a_ graph 1 is acceleration against time and graph 3 is resultant force against time.
b_ graph 1 is acceleration against time and graph 4 is resultant force against time.
c_ graph 3 is acceleration against time and graph 1 is velocity against time.
d_ graph 3 is acceleration against time and graph 2 is velocity against time.

10 the diagram shows a particle p, travelling at speed v, about to collide with a stationary particle q
of the same mass. the collision is perfectly elastic.
o}®
which statement describes the motion of p and of q immediately after the collision?
a pand q both travel in the same direction with speed iv.
b- pcomes to rest and q acquires speed v.
c_ prebounds with speed av and q acquires speed vy.
dp rebounds with speed v and q remains stationary.

11 a particle is in a uniform field. the particle experiences a force in the opposite direction to the
field.
in which type of field is the particle, and on which property of the particle is the field acting?
‘ property of particle
| ype et field on which the field acts
a electric charge
b electric current
cc gravitational mass
d gravitational weight

12 auniform rod of weight 20 n and length 2.0 m is acted upon by two vertical forces, as shown.
15n 5.0n
what are the resultant force acting on the rod and the resultant moment about the centre of
gravity of the rod?
cae [a
in /nm

a 0 10

b 0 20

cc 20 10

d 20 20

13  ihree coplanar forces act on a diocck.
which diagram shows the directions of the forces such that the block could be in equilibrium?
a b
cc d

14 acylinder contains a volume of 0.012 m? of gas at a pressure of 1.0 x 10°pa.
400 j of work is done on this gas, with its pressure remaining constant throughout.
what is the final volume of the gas?

a 0.0040 m? b  0.0080m? c 0.016m° d 0.020m°

15 a ball is thrown vertically upwards from the surface of the earth.
which statement describes the energy of the ball as it rises through the air?
a the kinetic energy of the ball decreases as the gravitational potential energy decreases.
b_ the kinetic energy of the ball decreases as the gravitational potential energy increases.
c_ the kinetic energy of the ball increases as the gravitational potential energy decreases.
d_ the total energy of the ball increases.

16 a sledge of mass 50kg sits on a snowy surface. it is pulled horizontally for 10m against a
frictional force of 200n, then it is pulled horizontally across ice for 10m. there is no friction
between the ice and the sledge. it is lifted up vertically by 1m and finally carried back at a
constant speed to where it started.

during which stage of its journey is most work done on the sledge?
a being carried back 20 m at constant speed

b being lifted up 1m

c being pulled 10 m across ice

d being pulled 10m across snow

17 an object is moved in a vertical plane from x to y, and then from y to z, as shown in the diagram.
z
5m ain
x—e-— vv
4m
3m 5m

¥
the distances between various points are indicated on the diagram.
lines xy and vz are vertical.
the object weighs 20n.
how much gravitational potential energy does the object gain by moving from x to z?
a 60j b 120j c 140j d 260j

18 acar travels at a constant speed of 25ms"' up a slope. the wheels driven by the engine exert a
forward force of 3000n. the total force due to air resistance and friction is 2100n. the weight of
the car has a component down the slope of 900n.

what is the rate at which thermal energy is dissipated?
a zero b 23x10'°w c 53x10*w d 7.5x10'w

19 a composite rod is made by attaching a glass-reinforced plastic rod and a nylon rod end to end,
as shown.
1.00m 1.00m
og
glass-reinforced plastic nylon
e, =40gpa e, = 2.0gpa
the rods have the same cross-sectional area and each rod is 1.00m in length. the young
modulus e&, of the plastic is 40 gpa and the young modulus e, of the nylon is 2.0 gpa.
the composite rod will break when its total extension reaches 3.0mm.
what is the greatest tensile stress that can be applied to the composite rod before it breaks?
a 2.9x10°pa
b 5.7x 10°pa
c 2.9x10°pa
d 5.7x10°pa

20 the graph shows the non-linear force—extension curve for a wire made from a new composite
material.
fin
100 =se-s esses aoe eeep
0 '
0 1.0 2.0
x/mm
what is the best estimate of the work done in stretching the wire to point p?
a 0.09j b 0.10j c 0.11j d 0.20j
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21 a wave of frequency 109 hz travels at 24ms_ through a medium.
what is the phase difference between two points 2.0m apart?
a_ there is no phase difference.
b_ they are out of phase by a quarter of a cycle.
c_ they are out of phase by half a cycle.
d_ they are out of phase by 0.80 of a cycle.

22 which row describes a longitudinal wave and a medium through which it can travel?
direction of oscillation of the
medium compared with the ,
gs ; medium
direction of propagation
of wave energy
a parallel air
b parallel vacuum
cc perpendicular air
d perpendicular vacuum

23 a-sound wave is displayed on the screen of a cathode-ray oscilloscope, as shown.

|| | tt | yt
pitt
un | nt ipn i
pit fat
lat a tat tm
| | nat tat tn
lt tt yt yy
pe et tt tt

the time-base setting is 0.50 ms per division.

what is the frequency of the sound wave?

a 500hz b  670hz c 1000hz d 1300hz

24 an observer is situated at the top of a tall tower. an aeroplane emitting sound at a frequency of
1000 hz approaches the observer at a speed of 165ms™.
the speed of sound is 330ms™.
what is the frequency of the sound received by the observer?
a 330hz b  667hz c 1000hz d 2000hz

25 what is the order of magnitude of the wavelengths of microwaves and x-rays?
eee [a
microwaves/m x-rays/m
a 10° 10°
b 10°? 10°
c 10° 10
d 10° 10°

26 a musical instrument is made using a long tube with a mouthpiece at one end. the other end is

open and flared, as shown.
ee
ae

a musician maintains stationary sound waves with a node at the mouthpiece and an antinode at

the other end. the lowest frequency of sound that the instrument can produce is 92 hz.

which different frequencies of sound can be produced by the instrument?

a 92hz, 138hz, 184hz, 230 hz

b  92hz, 184hz, 276 hz, 368hz

c 92hz, 276 hz, 460 hz, 644 hz

d 92hz, 276hz, 828hz, 1288 hz

27 awater wave passes through a gap between two barriers. the wavefronts spread out as shown.
wavefronts
| \ \
direction | |
of travel
of wave
on
what is the name of this phenomenon?
a_ coherence
b diffraction
c interference
d superposition

28 the table shows four possible combinations of values for the laser wavelength, slit separation
and slit-screen distance in a two-slit interference experiment to show the interference of visible
light on a white screen.

which combination will result in visible fringes being observed?
laser wavelength slit separation slit-screen
/nm /mm distance/m
a 200 0.10 5.0
b 200 100 1.0
cc 600 0.10 5.0
d 600 100 1.0

29 light of wavelength j is incident normally on a diffraction grating, as shown.
second-order maximum
light of
wavelength 2
diffraction second-order maximum
grating
the angle between the two second-order maxima is 9.
which expression gives the spacing of the lines on the diffraction grating?
a a b a c 22. d 2a
sing sin (g/2) sing sin (g/2)

30 two positive charges and one negative charge, all of equal magnitude, are set at the corners of
an equilateral triangle.
which diagram represents the electric field surrounding the charges?
a b
cc d

31 a negatively charged oil drop is held stationary, equidistant between two plates connected to a
high voltage supply, as shown.
—_| |.
oil drop—*
which change would not increase the upward electrical force on the drop?
a decreasing the distance between the plates whilst keeping the drop equidistant from them
b_ increasing the amount of negative charge on the drop
c increasing the supply voltage
d_ moving the drop closer to the positive plate

32 electrons move in a vacuum from one metal plate to another metal plate. as a result of this, there
is an electric current of 48 pa between the two plates.
how many electrons are emitted by the first plate in a time of 5.0 minutes?
a 14x 104 b 15x 10% cc 1.8x 10% d 9.0x 10"

33 a battery is connected to three resistors of resistances 12q, 6q and 2q, as shown.
3a 120
[|
2q
[|

[|
the current from the battery is 3a.
what is the value of the ratio powe" dissipaled un the raribir of rassiangs 6q 2

power dissipated in the resistor of resistance 2q
a b 4 e 2 p 3
3 3 1 1

34 a manufacturer recommends that the longer the extension cord you use with an electric drill, the

bigger the cross-sectional area of the cord should be.

what is a reason for this recommendation?

a_ resistance is inversely proportional to both the length and the cross-sectional area.

b_ resistance is inversely proportional to the length and directly proportional to the
cross-sectional area.

c_ resistance is proportional to both the length and the cross-sectional area.

d_ resistance is proportional to the length and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional
area.

35 two batteries are connected together, as shown.
battery 1 battery 2
| 42v / 7 jew
i 030 | 4 010 |
battery 1 has electromotive force (e.m.f.) 12 v and internal resistance 0.3.
battery 2 has e.m.f. 9v and internal resistance 0.1.
what are the e.m.f. and the internal resistance of a single battery that has the same effect as the
combination?
aaminy internal
— resistance /q
a 3 0.2
b 3 0.4
cc 21 0.2
d 21 0.4

36 the diagram shows a circuit.
| 6.0v
0.10 :
——
2.09
what is the reading on the voltmeter?
a 0.3v b 5.7v c 60v d 63v

37 inthe circuits shown, the cell has negligible internal resistance.
which diagram shows a potential divider circuit that can vary the potential difference (p.d.) across
the lamp?
a b
cc d

38 two alpha-particles with the same kinetic energy are moving towards, and are then deflected by,
a gold nucleus.
gold nucleus
alpha-particles ‘
=
which diagram could show the paths of the two alpha-particles?
a b
o
ice =
@ $<,
cc d
@
_ 9
ee

39 the equation represents the decay of a nucleus x to a nucleus y.
sx > 2fy +ptq
what are particles p and q?
a b particle neutron
b b- particle proton
cc b* particle antineutrino
d b* particle neutrino

40 which row gives the correct type and quark composition for the named particle?
([parice [pe [ark composton |
a neutron hadron uud key
b neutron lepton udd u = up quark
cc proton hadron uud d = down quark
d proton lepton udd

Solve 9702_m20_qp_12