physics

1 astudent uses the volume of a metal coin in order to determine the density of the metal.
what is not needed in order to determine an estimate of the volume of the coin?
a_ estimate of the diameter
b_ estimate of the mass
c_ estimate of the thickness
d_ use of the formula for the volume of a cylinder

2 ~the speed v of waves on a stretched wire is given by the equation
v= tpa
where t is the tension in the wire and is the mass per unit length of the wire.
what are the values of p and q?
a| tf 4
2 2
5 fi af
2 2
. 4 ait
2 2
” = d
2 2

3 the diagram shows a force f. p is the horizontal component of f, at an angle @to f.
f
0
p
which graph best shows the variation with 6 of the magnitude of p?
a b
an va
0 0
0 90 0 90
al° e/°
cc d
| 7 | i
0 0
0 90 0 90
al° gl°

4 a student wishes to measure a distance of about 10cm to a precision of 0.01. cm.
which measuring instrument should be used?
a metre rule
b~ micrometer
c tape measure
d_vernier calipers

5 a steel ball is dropped and falls through a vertical height h. the time t taken to fall is measured
using light gates.
the results are given in the table.
the acceleration of free fall g is calculated using the equation shown.
h= gt?
what is the percentage uncertainty in the value of g?
a 24% b 46% c 5.1% d 9.3%

6 asstone is thrown vertically upwards from a point x at time f= 0.

the variation with time t of the velocity v of the stone is shown.

20

v/ims™
10
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0  t/s
a

what is the displacement of the stone from point x at time t = 3.0s?
a 15m above x
b 15m below x
c 25m above x
d 25m below x

7 amass of 5.0kg is released from rest on a frictionless surface inclined at 30° to the horizontal. air
resistance is negligible.
mass 5.0kg

frictionless

surface

30 \

horizontal

how far does the mass travel in a time of 0.80 s?
a 1.6m b 2.0m cc 2.7m d 3.1m

8 what is not a statement of one of newton's laws of motion?
a if body x exerts a force on body y, body y exerts an equal and opposite force on body x.
b_ if no resultant force acts on a body it has constant velocity.
c_ the rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the resultant force acting on it
and takes place in the direction of the force.
d_ the total momentum of a system of interacting bodies is constant if there is no external force.

9 anobject falls from a tall building.
the graph shows how the velocity of the object changes with time t.
velocity
0 1 ;
0 ¥ z. t
the acceleration of free fall is g.
what describes the acceleration of the object at times f= y and t= z?
acceleration acceleration
att=y att=z
a decreasing g
b decreasing 0
cc constant g
d constant 0

10 two balls, one of mass 2m and one of mass ™, collide.
the diagrams show the initial and final velocities of the balls.
which collision is not elastic?
| | before collision after collision
2m m 2m m
a oc 4.0ms" enn oc 2.0ms" @ 5.0ms™
2m m 2m m
b @ 6.0ms eu oc 4.0ms" @ 7.0ms*
2m m 2m m
cc oc 8.0ms* rr e oc 5.0ms" o 8.0ms*
2m m 2m m
d @ 10.0ms* enn oc 6.0ms" @2an=

11 the diagram shows a ‘ballistic pendulum’.

fat block

ig * pellet
a pellet of mass m travelling at a speed u hits a stationary block of mass m. the pellet becomes
embedded in the block and causes the block to move at a speed v immediately after the impact.
when a pellet of mass 2m, travelling at a speed 2u, hits a block of mass 2m, what is the speed of
the block immediately after the impact? (neglect the small increase in the mass of the block as
the pellet’s mass is added during the collision.)
a v b vv2 cc 2v d 4v

12 a rigid circular disc of radius r has its centre at x. a number of forces of equal magnitude f act at
the edge of the disc. all the forces are in the plane of the disc.
which arrangement of forces provides a total moment of magnitude 2fr about x?
a b
f
f
cc d
f
f f

13 the diagram shows a uniform beam pq. the length of the beam is 3.0m and its weight is 50 n.
the beam is supported on a pivot 1.0m from end p. a load of weight w is hung from end p. the
beam is in equilibrium.

i 3.0m i
1.0m
> —_—— yq
/\
pivot
what is the value of w?
a 25n b 50n c 75n d 100n

14 in ahigh-wire circus act, a man of mass 8okg is standing at rest at the midpoint of the wire.
[20° 20°
t t
the wire on either side of the man is at an angle of 20° to the horizontal.
what is the tension t in the wire?
a 0.44kn b 0.89kn c 1.2kn d 2.4kn

15 accylindrical block of ice of cross-sectional area 12 m* is floating, partially submerged, in the sea.
the density of the sea water is 1020kgm"°. a polar bear of mass 400kg steps onto the block of
ice.

bear,

mass 400 kg
(( cross-sectional
area 12m?
~~ density 1020 kgm?

the block of ice sinks a vertical distance d.
what is the value of d?
a 3.3mm b 3.3cm c 0.32m d 3.1m

16 a ball is thrown vertically upwards. air resistance is negligible.

which statement is correct?

a by the principle of conservation of energy, the total energy of the ball is constant throughout
its motion.

b_ by the principle of conservation of momentum, the momentum of the ball is constant
throughout its motion.

c_ the kinetic energy of the ball is greatest at the greatest height attained.

d_ the potential energy of the ball increases at a constant rate during its ascent.

17 ahammer with 10 j of kinetic energy hits a nail and pushes it 5.0mm into a plank.
both the hammer and nail come to rest after the collision.
what is the approximate average force that acts on the nail while it moves through 5.0 mm?
a 0.050n b 2.0n c 50n d 2000n

18 the change in gravitational potential energy ae of an object of mass m when moving through
height ah near the surface of the earth is given by the equation shown.
ae = mgah
which equation is needed as part of the derivation of this expression?
a_ kinetic energy = } x mass x (speed)*
b moment = force x distance
c_ weight = mass ~x acceleration of free fall
d_ work done = power x time
lee a...

19 a racing car has an output power of 300 kw when travelling at a constant speed of 6(0ms™.
what is the total resistive force acting on the car?
a 5kn b  10kkn c 50kn d 100kn

20 a mass of 60.0g is suspended from a spring and the distance from the bottom of the spring to the
floor is measured to be 16.4cm.
the mass is replaced with a 100.0g mass and the distance from the bottom of the spring to the
floor is now measured to be 12.6 cm. the spring obeys hooke’s law.
what is the spring constant of the spring?
a 1.05nm‘* b 1.35nm' cc 10.3nm' d 103nm*

21 the graph shows the force—extension graph for a wire.
100 srep r eee
ec cerri |
force/n eccer eee eee eee eee er |
ec cerri rr
boer
eccer eee cece eee eer |
eccere eee eee eee |
a a a (a a a pl i
bo=eeeeee eee eee eee
eccere recor eee
a i i i od a i a a i il
eccer ere eee eee}
a0-feeeeeeee eee eee
i a ain aed alll ml i i iii i
(a a a li
a a a i
20-ceeere creech
ecoze eee eee ere reer |
poze eee reer |
riese i heer
0 ae
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
extension/10™°m
the wire is already extended by a force of 60n.
how much work is done to increase the extension of the wire by 2.0 mm?
a 0.040j b 0.090j c 0.16j d 0.25j

22 i|he speed v of waves in deep waiter is given by the equation
y=
2n
where / is the wavelength of the waves and g is the acceleration of free fall.
a student measures the wavelength 4 and the frequency f of a number of these waves.
which graph should he plot to give a straight line through the origin?
af against 2
b_ fagainst 7
c_ fagainst .
d fagainst 1
a

23 when sound travels through air, the air particles vibrate. a graph of displacement against time for
a single air particle is shown.
displacement
0 4
0 ot time
which graph shows how the kinetic energy of the air particle varies with time?
a b
kinetic kinetic
energy energy
0 f 0 .
; ot time tr ot time
cc d
kinetic kinetic
energy energy
0 f 0 f
; ot time t ot time

24 a vibrating tuning fork is held above a glass cylinder filled to the top with water. the water level is
steadily lowered. a loud sound is first heard when the water level is 83.5cm above the bench.
the next loud sound is heard when the water level is 17.1 cm above the bench.

_tuning fork
not to
cylinder ss caren scale
water
83.5cm
water <— ataga bench

the speed of sound in air is 340ms™.
what is the frequency of the tuning fork?
a 128hz b 256hz c 384hz d 512hz

25 an emergency vehicle sounds its siren as it accelerates along a straight road between two points
x and y, as shown in the diagram.
xi — direction of travel vi
@) cd ©
7 emergency
road vehicle
the frequency of the sound emitted by the siren is 750 hz.
a person stands at x and another person stands at y.
what describes the sounds heard by the people at x and at y as the vehicle accelerates?
| | sound heard by person at x sound heard by person at y
a higher than 750 hz, lower than 750 hz,
increasing in frequency decreasing in frequency
b higher than 750 hz, lower than 750 hz,
decreasing in frequency increasing in frequency
cc lower than 750 hz, higher than 750 hz,
decreasing in frequency increasing in frequency
d lower than 750 hz, higher than 750 hz,
increasing in frequency decreasing in frequency

26 part of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown.
increasing frequency
+ -2h da
visible
light
what is the name of the shaded region and what is the order of magnitude of a wavelength of a
wave from this region?
wavelength
name
/m
a infrared 10°
b infrared 10°
c ultraviolet {0°
d ultraviolet 10°

27 the three waves shown in each diagram have the same amplitude and frequency but different
phase.
they are added together to give a resultant wave.
in which case is the resultant wave zero at this instant?
a b
c d

28 a transmitting mast sends out microwaves of wavelength 1.5cm and radio waves of wavelength

1.5km.

| mountain |

i:

transmitting receiving
mast aerial
not to scale

a receiving aerial behind a mountain can detect the radio waves but not the microwaves.
what is the reason for this?
a_ the radio waves are coherent but the microwaves are not.
b_ the radio waves are diffracted around the mountain but the microwaves are not.
c_ the radio waves are reflected by the mountain but the microwaves are not.
d_ the radio waves travel at the speed of light but the microwaves do not.

29 an experiment is carried out to demonstrate double-slit interference using light of wavelength
500nm. the distance between bright fringes in the interference pattern is 5mm.
what are possible values for the distance between the slits and the screen, and the slit
separation?
sili-sereen slit separation
distance p
a 50cm 0.5mm
b 50cm 5mm
[e 5m 0.5mm
d 5m 5mm

30 light of a single frequency is incident on a diffraction grating. seven bright spots are observed on
a screen.
which change will result in an increase in the number of bright spots observed?
a increase the distance between the grating and the screen.
b_ increase the frequency of the incident light.
c increase the intensity of the incident light.
d_ increase the number of lines per metre in the grating.

31 a molecule behaves as an electric ‘dipole’ consisting of two equal point charges of opposite sign,
separated by a fixed distance. the molecule moves with constant horizontal velocity as it enters a
vertical uniform electric field, as shown.

molecule | | | | |
electric field
the positive and negative charges of the molecule enter the field at the same time.
what describes the effect of the electric field on the velocity of the molecule?
horizontal component | vertical component
of velocity of velocity

a constant increases

b constant zero

cc increases increases

d increases zero

32 two parallel metal plates are connected to a battery of negligible internal resistance.
tt | ss, plates
ca
one of the plates is slowly moved towards the other.
which row is correct?
electric field strength potential difference
between the plates between the plates
a decreases constant
b increases constant
cc decreases increases
d increases increases

33 four point charges, each of charge q, are placed on the edge of an insulating disc of radius r.

the disc rotates at a rate of n revolutions per unit time.

°

q

jn
oq qo

what is the equivalent electric current at the edge of the disc?
a 4qn b 2 c 8nrqn p boh

34 = in the circuit shown, a fixed resistor x is connected in series with a battery and a variable resistor.
; 7 1
xx
the power dissipated in resistor x is 7.2 w when a current of 3.0a passes through it.
the variable resistor is adjusted so that the power dissipated in x increases by 50%.
what is the new current in the circuit?
a 24a b 3.7a c 4.5a d 14a

35 a resistor and a filament lamp are connected in series with a power supply. the j-v
characteristics of the resistor and of the lamp are shown below.
resistor filament lamp
0-4 fees 0-4 teese
da vette da ttt etat
0.8-ceeeeee ee eae eh 0.8-ceeeeeeeece eee eee rerh
seribscddocorcsatiocatt sehescddocaticeatfocatt
0.2 peer 0.2 free eee eee eee
: pear ee : 2epesesie 2h nthe eeees
feeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee feceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeh
0.1 flesh -eele heel 0.1 eg peee-hele-eele-ele
cte te
la | a a ae 1 a a
0 a 0 areer es see
0 1 2 3 s b) 0 1 2 3 4 5
viv viv
the potential difference (p.d.) across the resistor is 3.3 v.
what is the resistance of the lamp?
a 0.071 b 4.20 c 119 d 140

36 acar battery has an electromotive force (e.m.f.) of 12v and an internal resistance of 0.05. the

battery is connected to the starter motor of a car. the current in the motor is 160a.

i 42v

' 0.05q |

}--4 3

160a

what is the terminal p.d. across the battery?
a ov b 4v cc 8v d 12v

37 a cell of negligible internal resistance is connected to a network of resistors and a voltmeter, as
shown.
r
or | léon
the reading on the voltmeter is zero.
what is the resistance of resistor r?
a 1.209 b 1.800 c 7.202 d 14.40

38 a voltmeter is connected into a circuit with the polarity shown in the diagram.
q
+ =
3v
3v
p
the sliding contact is moved to end p of the potentiometer and then to end q.
what are the two readings of the voltmeter?
sliding contact sliding contact
at end p at end q
a ov 3v
b ov 6v
cc 3v 3v
d 3v 6v

39 what is a conclusion from the alpha-particle scattering experiment?
a_ protons and electrons have equal but opposite charges.
b_ protons have a much larger mass than electrons.
c_ the nucleus contains most of the mass of the atom.
d_ the nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons.

40 which particle is a hadron?
a electron
b_ neutrino
c positron
d proton

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