physics

1. which row shows what all physical quantities must have?
[| magnitude [eston [unt |
a v v v
b v v x
cc v x jv
d x x v

2  whatis an alternative way of expressing an energy of 43 dj?
a 4.3x10°mj
b 43x 10°mj
c 43x10°%mdj
d 43x 10°mj

3. a tennis ball is hit so that it leaves the racket with velocity v at an angle @to the horizontal.
-_ y coanemcnal stage!
the vertical component of the velocity is vy.
what is the magnitude of the horizontal component of v?
a vsing b  vwcos@ cc wsing d (v-v2)?

4 four cathode-ray oscilloscope (cro) screens each display a waveform. the screen and the
time-base setting of each cro is shown.
1 2
fi ti tit tt ls f([it ti ttt tty
pt tt et ty tt al ial tal ial tal
rt} ttt yt vy yt ey yy yy
vin | vin | vin eurereeper
| | ata tata tt li} ft te ty te ty
pt tt ty ty tt la ae a ey
pt tt tt ty le ve iv ve iv
ee, a
time-base setting: 0.02 s/div time-base setting: 0.04s/div
3 4

fi titi tt tls fi iti ttt tt iy
rt tt tee ttt ee yy yy
al al a ia ltt tty yy
searles ar vin | vin | vin
la a a ay | | ata tat tt
lt ae ive iv lt tt ty yt yy
pt tt yy ey yy tt tye ty yt
rrr, ket t tet tt
time-base setting: 0.01 s/div time-base setting: 0.08s/div

which screens show waveforms of the same frequency?

a iand2 b 1and3 c 1and4 d 2and3

5 astudent measures the time 7 for one complete oscillation of a pendulum of length l.
her results are shown in the table.
she uses the formula
t= an |
to calculate the acceleration of free fall g.
what is the best estimate of the percentage uncertainty in the value of g?
a 0.02% b 4% c 8% d 16%

7 a stone is projected vertically upwards from the ground at an initial speed of 15ms_. air
resistance is negligible.
what is the maximum height reached by the stone?
a 0.76m b 11m c 23m d 110m

8 what is meant by the mass of an object?
a the property of the object that resists a change in motion
b the pull of the earth on the object
c the total number of atoms in the object
d the weight of the object

9 the diagram shows two parachutists, x and y, moving vertically downwards.
xx y
ppe aren
ak ka
j \ !
ny : wy an nua yy
\\ 7 wy
\" v \\ wi
ey bete
n wy
the total mass of parachutist y and his parachute is twice the total mass of parachutist x and his
parachute. at this moment, the air resistance on parachute y is twice the air resistance on
parachute x. neither parachutist has reached his constant (terminal) velocity.
which statement describes the acceleration of y compared with the acceleration of x?
a_ the acceleration of y is half the acceleration of x.
b_ the acceleration of y is the same as the acceleration of x.
c_ the acceleration of y is more than the acceleration of x, but less than twice the value.
d_ the acceleration of y is twice the acceleration of x.

10 the table shows four different collisions between two blocks, each of mass 0.50 kg.
which collision is perfectly elastic?
| | before collision after collision
4.0ms'!—e 0.0ms* 2.0ms'1—»
a 0.50 kg 0.50 kg 0.50 kg | 0.50 kg
2.0ms'—» ~<—2.0ms" 0.0ms*
e 0.50 kg 0.50 kg 0.50 kg | 0.50 kg
2.0ms'—» ~<—1.0ms" =< 2.0ms" 3.0ms-|—»
e 0.50 kg 0.50 kg 0.50 kg 0.50 kg
4.0ms'—e 1.0ms'— 1.0ms'—e 4.00ms'1—»
eb 0.50 kg 0.50 kg 0.50 kg 0.50 kg

11. a cylindrical block of wood has cross-sectional area a and weight w. it is totally immersed in
water with its axis vertical. the block experiences pressures p; and pp at its top and bottom
surfaces respectively.

what is the upthrust on the block?
a (pp — pr)

b (pp—pia

c (pp - p)a- w

d (bo-p)ja+w

12 two forces, each of magnitude f, act on a disc of diameter s, as shown.
disc + -
f
what is the torque exerted on the disc?
a zero b ifs c fs d 2fs

13 amass of 500g is attached at one end of a rod of length 1.50 m. the rod is pivoted at a distance
of 25cm from the other end. the rod is horizontal.
pivot rod mass 500g
125m!
—_—r: 1
1.50m
what is the moment about the pivot due to the mass?
a 0.63nm b 1.2nm cc 6.1nm d 7.4nm

14 a beam qr is held in position by a wire pq. the structure is used to form a crane supporting a

stationary load of 4.0kn, as shown.

p q

vertical li ¥
wall—___
6!

r 4.0kn
what is the force exerted by the beam qr on point q?
a 4.0kn b 4.6kn c 6.9kn d 8.0kn

15 a metal cylinder, totally immersed in water, is hung from a newton meter.
i newton meter
ssmetaecnsi eee
water surface
{i
ee was
the cylinder, of height l, is slowly raised vertically by lifting the newton meter.
as the base of the cylinder moves from line x in the water to line y above the surface of the
water, the reading r on the newton meter is recorded. the velocity of the cylinder is constant.
which graph best shows the variation of r with the distance d of the base of the cylinder from
line x?
a b
r r
0 : 0
0 ‘<> d 0 ‘<tr d
e l
cc d
r r
0 0 :
0 =a d ) ar i. d

16 a ball is thrown vertically upwards into the air. it rises to the top of its path before beginning to fall
vertically downwards.
q top of path
q midpoint of path
+o starting position
assume that the gravitational potential energy of the ball is zero at its starting position.
which statement about the ball is not correct?
a asitrises, its kinetic energy is transferred to gravitational potential energy.
b at the midpoint of its path, its gravitational potential energy is equal to its initial kinetic
energy.
c_ atthe top of its path, its kinetic energy is zero.
d_ atthe top of its path, its total energy is less than its initial total energy.

17 an object slides with constant velocity across a horizontal sheet of ice. friction is negligible.
a constant horizontal force of 2.1 n is then applied to the object as shown.
ex
4.0m
| 2.1n a \300
object

initial direction of

motion of object
a short time after applying the force, the object reaches point x at a displacement of 4.0m from
its position when the force was first applied.
what is the work done by the force on the object as it travels to point x?
a 4.2) b 4.8j c 7.3j d 84j

18 the energy conversions inside a power station burning fossil fuel can be simplified as shown.
chemical energy w > thermal energy x —> electrical energy y
which expression gives the efficiency of the power station?
a y b _y cc y d a ae
ww (w+xx) x (w+x+y)

19 car x is travelling at half the speed of car y. car x has twice the mass of car y.
which statement is correct?
a car x has half the kinetic energy of car y.
b- car x has one quarter of the kinetic energy of car y.
c_ car x has twice the kinetic energy of car y.
d_ the two cars have the same kinetic energy.

20 ihe total weight of a motorbike and rider is 1600n. [he motorbike travels in a straight line at
constant speed up a hill at an angle of 30° to the horizontal.
g
30° .
ea en oc
the useful output power of the motorbike is 36000w. the total resistive force due to air
resistance and friction on the motorbike and rider is 2400 n.
what is the speed of the motorbike?
a 86ms"' b 11ms” cc 15ms* d 24ms'

21 three springs are arranged vertically as shown.
= r
| w
springs p and q are identical and each has spring constant k. spring r has spring constant 3k.
what is the increase in the overall length of the arrangement when a force w is applied as
shown?
a sw b 4w c lkw d 4kw
6k 3k 2

22 a length of metal wire is attached to a fixed point and hangs vertically. masses are then
suspended from the wire. assume that the cross-sectional area of the wire remains constant.
fixed point
metal wire
masses
a stress-strain graph for the wire is plotted, as shown.
stress
iy |
0 strain
what is represented by the shaded area under the graph?
a. strain energy in the wire
b strain energy in the wire
cross-sectional area of the wire
c strain energy in the wire
original length of the wire
d strain energy in the wire
original volume of the wire

23 the table contains descriptions and examples of waves.
which row is correct?
[saints sss*dscee |
a oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer gamma-rays
b oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer ultraviolet waves
cc oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer sound waves
d oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer x-rays

24 asound wave from a loudspeaker is reflected back along its original path by a reflector.

a microphone is initially at point x where the sound intensity is a minimum, as shown.

loudspeaker reflector

aa m m m m m m | m = position of
xi iy minimum intensity
! 70.0cm !
the microphone is moved towards the reflector and passes through four more intensity minima
until reaching a fifth minimum at point y. the distance xy is 70.0cm.
what is the wavelength of the sound?
a 11.7cm b 14.0cm c 23.3cm d 28.0cm
a

25 a train travels in a straight line at a constant speed of 30ms_. the train’s horn continuously
emits sound of frequency 2400 hz.
a stationary observer stands next to the train track. the train approaches the stationary observer,
passes him and then moves away.
the speed of sound is 340ms™*.
what is the maximum difference in the frequencies of the sound heard by the stationary
observer?
a 190hz b  230hz c 430hz d 460hz

26 electromagnetic waves of frequency 30 thz are in a vacuum.
in which region of the electromagnetic spectrum are the waves?
a _ infrared
b microwave
c_ ultraviolet
d visible light

27 a stationary wave is produced on a string that is stretched between two fixed points that are a
distance of 1.35m apart, as shown.
a
the speed of the waves on the string is 450ms“.
what is the frequency of oscillation of the stationary wave?
a 333hz b 405hz c 500hz d 1000hz

28 a bdeam of laser light is directed towards a narrow silt.
cross-section panel
of beam of light
slit
after emerging from the other side of the slit, the diffracted light then falls on a screen.
what is the pattern of light seen on the screen?
a b cc d

29 [wo waves, eacn with a constant amplitude, interfere and produce an interference pattern. ine
pattern has minima at fixed points where the displacement is zero at all times.
which statement describes the two waves?
a they must be coherent and of the same amplitude.
b_ they must be coherent but not necessarily of the same amplitude.
c_ they must be of the same amplitude but not necessarily coherent.
d_ they must not be coherent or of the same amplitude.

30 light of wavelength 5.5 x 10~’ m is incident normally on a diffraction grating.
grating second-order maximum
we
second-order maximum
the angle between the second-order diffraction maxima is 80°, as shown.
what is the number of lines per metre of the diffraction grating?
a 5.8 x 10° lines per metre
b 9.0 x 10° lines per metre
c 1.2.x 10° lines per metre
d 2.3.x 10° lines per metre

31 four diagrams representing the electric field between two oppositely charged point charges are
shown.
which diagram correctly shows the electric field lines?
a b
sac xe
cc d
ae ks

32 a proton enters the uniform electric field between two parallel vertical metal plates in a vacuum.
one plate is at a potential of 0 v and the other plate is at a potential of +10 v, as shown.
ov +10v
path of
proton
°
a metal
plates
what is the initial change in the motion of the proton caused by the electric field, immediately
after the proton enters the field?
a it begins to move downwards.
b_ it begins to move upwards.
c_ its speed decreases.
d its speed increases.

33 what is a description of the coulomb?
a the electric charge of one electron
b the electric charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one second
c_ the kinetic energy gained by an electron accelerated through a potential difference of
one volt
d the kinetic energy of an electron moving at a speed of one metre per second

34 a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 10 v and internal resistance 5.0q is connected to a 5.0q

load resistor.

| 10v

5.002:

5.0q

which change occurs when the 5.0q load resistor is replaced with a 50 load resistor?
a_ the current in the circuit increases.
b_ the potential difference across the load resistor increases.
c_ the power dissipated in the internal resistance of the battery increases.
d_ the total power dissipated in the circuit increases.

35 the graphs show the variation with potential difference v of the current i for three circuit
components.
| |. | 4 | io
0 0 0
0 v 0 v 0 v
graph x graph y graph z
the components are a metal wire at constant temperature, a semiconductor diode and a filament
lamp.
which row correctly identifies these graphs?
inital, wits semiconduct fil t
at constant i noe pammen
diode lamp
temperature
a xx z ¥
b y x z
cc y z x
d z x y'

36 the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of a cell is 6.0v. it has negligible internal resistance and is
connected across a resistor. the potential difference (p.d.) across the resistor is also 6.0v.

the e.m.f. and the p.d. have the same numerical value but represent different processes.

which statement about the different processes is correct?

a_ the e.m.f. is the energy transferred from chemical energy to electrical energy in the cell and
the p.d. is the energy transferred from electrical energy to thermal energy in the resistor.

b_ the p.d. is the energy transferred from chemical energy to electrical energy in the cell and
the e.m.f. is the energy transferred from electrical energy to thermal energy in the resistor.

c_ the e.m.f. is the energy transferred per unit charge from chemical energy to electrical energy
in the cell and the p.d. is the energy transferred per unit charge from electrical energy to
thermal energy in the resistor.

d_ the p.d. is the energy transferred per unit charge from chemical energy to electrical energy
in the cell and the e.m.f. is the energy transferred per unit charge from electrical energy to
thermal energy in the resistor.

37 a battery of negligible internal resistance is connected to three resistors, as shown.
i ~ 1
0.4a wa
0.3a pa

the potential difference across each resistor is 2v.
the current from the battery is 0.4a and the current through one of the resistors connected in
parallel is 0.3a.
what is the current through the other resistor connected in parallel and what is the electromotive
force (e.m.f.) of the battery?
[areata [emt |

a 0.1 4

b 0.3 4

cc 0.1 6

d 0.3 6

38 a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 9.0 v and internal resistance 1.0q is connected to a fixed

resistor of resistance 5.0q and a potentiometer of maximum resistance 3.0q, as shown.

i 90v

: l 102 |

5.0q 3.00

the sliding contact of the potentiometer is moved over its full range of movement.
what is the maximum value of the potential difference that is measured by the voltmeter?
a 3.0v b 3.4v c 45v d 54v

39 an unstable nucleus decays by emitting a b" particle.
which statement is correct?
a_ an antineutrino is also emitted.
ba neutron changes into a proton.
c  mass-energy is conserved.
d_ the nucleon number is not conserved.

40 which statement is not correct?
a anantineutrino is a fundamental particle.
b_ anelectron is made up of a quark and an antiquark.
ca neutrino is a lepton.
d a neutron is composed of three quarks.

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