physics

6 two projectiles, x and y, are fired into the air from the same place on level ground and reach the
same maximum height, as shown.
path of x path of y
ground
projectile x is fired vertically upwards and projectile y is fired at an angle to the horizontal.
air resistance is negligible.
which statement is correct?
a xand y are at rest at their maximum heights.
b  xand y are fired with the same speed.
c xand y take the same time to return to the ground.
d xand y travel the same distance.

7 asmall glider moves along a horizontal air track as shown.
buffer
glider <a
ls
ss air track
ad\
air—
at each end of the air track, the glider has a perfectly elastic collision with a fixed buffer.
the glider moves at a constant speed between collisions.
which graph represents the variation with time t of the velocity v of the glider as it moves
between the two buffers?
a b
vv v
0 0
| t | t
cc d
v vv
0 0
0 t | t

8 acar accelerates from rest. the graph shows the variation of the momentum of the car with time.
momentum -
0
0 time
what is the meaning of the gradient of the graph at a particular time?
a the kinetic energy of the car
b the rate of change of kinetic energy of the car
c_ the resultant force on the car
d the velocity of the car

9 a ball is dropped onto horizontal ground and bounces vertically upwards. when the ball is in

contact with the ground, the following forces act:

e the weight w of the ball

e the contact force p exerted on the ground by the ball

e the contact force n exerted on the ball by the ground.

ball
ground—___ p

when the ball is in contact with the ground, the ball is momentarily stationary.
at this instant, which relationship is correct?
a n=p+w b n>p+w c n=w d n>w

10 a person stands on the edge of a high cliff that is next to the sea. the person throws a stone
vertically upwards. air resistance acts on the stone.
the stone eventually hits the sea.
which velocity—time graph best shows the motion of the stone from when it is released until it hits
the sea?
a b
velocity velocity
0 0
0 time 0 time
cc d
vn velocity |
0 0
0 time 0 time

11 skaters of masses 80 kg and 40kg move directly towards each other and collide.
before the collision, the heavier skater is moving to the right at a speed of 2.0ms™ and the lighter
skater is moving to the left ata speed of 1.0ms".
after the collision, the heavier skater moves to the right at a speed of 0.80ms™.
what is the relative speed of separation of the two skaters?
a 0.6ms* b 1.4ms" c 2.2ms"' d 26ms"

12 which statement describes the two forces in a couple?
a_ they act in the same direction.
b_ they act through the same point.
c_ they produce zero resultant force.
d_ they produce zero resultant moment.

13 astreet lamp is fixed to a wall by a metal rod and a cable.
cable
wall
p
metal rod lamp
which vector triangle could represent the forces acting on the end of the rod at point p?
a b
cc d

14 an unknown mass and a 1.00kg mass are fixed at opposite ends of a bar. the bar has negligible

mass and a length of 30.0cm.

the bar balances when supported by a pivot placed 20.0 cm from the unknown mass, as shown.
30.0cm :

unknown mass ; (bike mass

eee ee
20.0cm bar
* ‘pivot

what is the unknown mass?

a 333g b 500g c 667g d 1000g

15 a block of wood of density pw has sides of length a.
the block is immersed in a liquid of density »,. the top surface of the block is at a depth h below
the surface of the liquid.
liquid
h
block of wood
via

j 1

3b &
the acceleration of free fall is g.
what is the upthrust acting on the block from the liquid?
a p.ia’g b py,a’g c pihg d pag

16 a technical article about diesel engines expresses the energy available from diesel fuel both as
41.8mjkg” and as 34.9gjm*.
what is the density of diesel fuel?
a 8.35 x 10’kgm®
b 1.20 x 10°kgm™?
c 8.35 x 10°kgm®
d 1.20 x 10°kgm?

17 what is meant by the efficiency of a system?
a the difference between the useful energy output from the system and the total energy input
b_ the difference between the useful energy output from the system and the wasted energy
output
c the ratio of the useful energy output from the system to the total energy input
d the ratio of the useful energy output from the system to the wasted energy output

18 acar of weight 15000n is travelling along a horizontal road.
velocity
24ms"
oe
resistive force a cip sa thrust force
3000n ~~. __12000n
——— ara ooo
©o-——=©
ft *ns
at one instant, the thrust force acting on the car from the engine is 12000n and the resistive
force acting on the car is 3000n. the velocity of the car at this instant is 24ms".
what is the power output from the engine?
a 72kw b 220kw c 290kw d 360kw

19 the diagram shows the variation of a quantity y with a quantity x for objects in a uniform
gravitational field.
y
0
0 x
what could x and y represent?
i
a mass for different objects kinetic energy
moving at the same speed
b speed for an object kinetic energy
of constant mass
cc vertical distance fallen for change of gravitational
an object of constant mass potential energy
d mass for different objects change of gravitational
falling the same vertical distance potential energy

20 a steel wire has a length of 300cm and a cross-sectional area of 0.50mm*. the young modulus
of steel is 2.0 x 10"'pa.
one end of the wire is attached to a fixed point. a load of 10n is hung from the other end. the
wire obeys hooke’s law.
what is the extension of the wire?
a 3.0x10’m
b 3.0x10°m
c 3.0x10*m
d 3.0x10?m

21 the extension of a copper wire is measured for different forces applied to the wire. a graph is
plotted to show the variation of the force on the wire against extension. the maximum force is
applied at point p.

force
a p
r
$s
0
o! extension
which statement must be correct?
a point r is the limit of proportionality.
b_ the elastic potential energy of the wire at point s is given by the area under the graph
between points t and s.
c_ there is no plastic deformation between points q and p.
d_ the wire obeys hooke’s law up to a point between r and q.

22 the variation with distance x of the displacement y of a transverse wave on a rope is shown at
time t= 0.
the wave has a frequency of 0.5 hz.
a point p on the rope is marked. the diagram shows the original position of p and four new
positions.
what is the position of p at time t= 1s?
direction of
pp c d wave travel
0
0 x
| 3

23 a cathode-ray oscilloscope (crq) is connected to a micropnone wnicn detects sound of constant
frequency.
the trace on the screen of the cro is shown.
[tt tt tttt ttt ttt yy
a a a a a a a
lpn ory ty
nent
viet iv ttt yt try ttt
pei see,
ltp pin tytn 7
[ttt taa ttt tata
fest he ait he ieetl sie eal se tere me teal
ie or it ee a
which property of the sound wave is measured using only information from the cro?
a amplitude
b_ period
c_ speed
d_ wavelength

24 a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave both travel in the same direction down a long
stretched spring.
which statement is not correct for these two forms of wave?
a_ the displacement measurements for the particles of the two waves are made at right angles
to each other.
b_ the energy transferred by the two waves is in the same direction.
c_ the velocities of the two waves are in the same direction.
d_ the wavelength measurements for the two waves are made at right angles to each other.

25 a man standing next to a stationary train hears sound of frequency 400hz emitted from the
train’s horn. the train then moves directly away from the man and sounds its horn when it has a
speed of 50ms~'. the speed of sound in the air is 340ms".

what is the difference in frequency of the sound heard by the man on the two occasions?
a 51hz b 69hz c 350hz d 470hz

26 which list of regions of the electromagnetic spectrum is in order of increasing wavelength from
left to right?
a gamma-ray — ultraviolet — infrared
b _ infrared > microwave —> ultraviolet
c_ microwave —> x-ray — infrared
d x-ray —> ultraviolet > gamma-ray

27 the principle of superposition states that a certain quantity is added when two or more waves
meet at a point.
what is this quantity?
a amplitude
b_ displacement
c intensity
d_ wavelength

28 a stationary sound wave is formed in a gas-filled tube of length l, which is closed at one end by a
piston. the length of the tube can be altered by moving the piston.
the length of the tube and the frequency of the sound are varied so that the stationary wave
always has two antinodes and two nodes, as shown.
gas-filled tube piston
soe
' i
rr :
the graph shows the variation of the frequency f of the stationary sound wave with the length l of
the tube.
5000 | pp pp a ee
s00 2 |
fihz i: i a i
ecccorcc cce ere
4000 ==
ce
3000 flee eee
eee eere eee eee
eeeeeecerreeeeeee eee
2000s hhp hse
eecee cece eee sssce eee
eceeeeeeeee eee pse
1000 =e ere eee eos
eee eere eee eee eee
e2e see sees ees
0 fess bees oe eee!
0 5 10 15 20 25
l/cm
what is the speed of sound in the gas in the tube?
a 150ms" b 230ms™ c 300ms' d 340ms"

29 the diagrams show the diffraction of water waves in a ripple tank as they pass through a gap
between two barriers.
which diagram is correct?
a b
lp) = )
cc d

30 a beam of light from a laser is incident normally on a double slit. interference fringes are seen on
a screen placed parallel to the double slit.
the separation of the two slits is a. the distance between the slits and the screen is d. the
distance between the centres of two adjacent bright fringes is x.
d and aare both halved.
what is the distance between the centres of two adjacent bright fringes after these changes?
a > b x cc 2x d 4x

31 a beam of light of wavelength 400nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating that has
300 lines per millimetre. the light passes through the grating and produces a series of maxima
which are observed on a semicircular screen, as shown.

screen
diffraction grating
light,
wavelength 400 nm :
view from above
what is the total number of maxima observed on the screen?
a 8 b 9 cc 16 d 17

32 two wires, x and y, are made from the same metal.
the diameter of wire y is twice that of wire x.
wire x, wire y and a battery are connected in series.
what is the ratio average ul speed of free electrons ih als x 2
average drift speed of free electrons in wire y
& 2 a 2 ge a p 2
4 2 1 1

33 a resistor has resistance r. when the potential difference (p.d.) across the resistor is v, the
current in the resistor is i. the power dissipated in the resistor is p. work wis done when charge
q flows through the resistor.
what is not a valid relationship between these variables?
a =f b q-w c r-& d r=“
vv vv i p

34 a fixed resistor and a filament lamp are connected in series to a power supply.
the i-v characteristics for the two components are shown.
fixed resistor
0.5 dd a ee
t/a eere eee eere eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eh
ed el el ee ss ea a eo
0.4 -feeeeeeeeeeeesseee reese eee poe
de
hae ee seas ee” hee hee
a
0.3 -ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee epp ee eee ee eee
geree eee eer hee c esse te rp) metre grrr eee ee ear
a
0.2 -feceeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eee
ee
ee
ss ee
0.4 eere eere eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee
sd
> 00
ther rrr ry rrr yyy rr eee
0 9 c0 a id i el ct a i tt i sd it a ta a td a i il i a a
0 2 4 6 8 10
viv
filament lamp
0.5 so
tia eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee ece ee
ee
0.4 eere eee eee eee eee
(a a i i i 0d i al i alt a fl ig i a
i
es
0.3 -eeeeeeeeeeeeee erect eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee
ii a i sh
iti i i a
hrrrereee” 1a peas eae ss
0.2 cece dpeeeeeeeee eee eee eee eee eee
ecce cc aace eee eee]
gg ge ga a a gg a gg a a a hl
ss? 400
0.1 =a eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee
2s 42 eee eee se eee sees sees eee eee
sy 2
4000s
(0) (jb bp sps ssf surf er posse sses ss se sp sses eee eee eee sseee
0 2 4 6 8 10
viv
the current in the fixed resistor is 0.34 a.
what is the resistance of the filament lamp?
a 0.0819 b 120 c 150 d 180

35 a piece of conducting putty (modelling clay) of constant resistivity is formed into a cylindrical
shape.
the resistance r between its flat ends (shaded) is measured.
l
a el
the same volume of putty is re-formed into cylinders of different lengths l, and the resistance r
between the flat ends is measured for each value of l.
which graph best shows the variation of r with l?
a b cc d
r r r r
0 0 0 0
0 l 0 l 0 l 0 l

36 the diagram shows the symbol for a component that may be used in an electrical circuit.
which component is represented by this circuit symbol?
a buzzer
b electric bell
c_ loudspeaker
d microphone

37 which row correctly describes kirchhoff's laws?
physics principle physics principle
kirchhoff’s first law applied for kirchhoff's second law applied for
first law second law

a the sum of the conservation the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation
currents entering a of charge around any closed loop of energy
junction equals the in a circuit equals the
sum of the currents sum of the p.d.s around
leaving the junction. the same loop.

b the sum of the conservation the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation
currents entering a of energy around any closed loop of charge
junction equals the in a circuit equals the
sum of the currents sum of the p.d.s around
leaving the junction. the same loop.

c | the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation the sum of the currents conservation
around any closed of energy entering a junction of charge

loop in a circuit equals equals the sum of the
the sum of the p.d.s currents leaving the
around the same loop. junction.

d | the sum of the e.m.f.s conservation the sum of the currents conservation
around any closed of charge entering a junction of energy

loop in a circuit equals equals the sum of the
the sum of the p.d.s currents leaving the
around the same loop. junction.

38 a potential divider circuit is formed by connecting a battery of negligible internal resistance in
series with two variable resistors, as shown.
ry c ry |
=p
vy
the variable resistors have resistances rx and ry.
vx is the potential difference (p.d.) across the variable resistor with resistance rx.
rx and ry are both changed at the same time.
which combination of changes must cause vy, to increase?
ee ee
a larger larger
b larger smaller
cc smaller larger
d smaller smaller

39 an actinium nucleus has a nucleon number of 227 and a proton number of 89. it decays to form a
radium nucleus, emitting a 8b particle and an a-particle in the process.
what are the nucleon number and the proton number of this radium nucleus?
[| nucleon number [proton number |
a 223 87
b 223 88
cc 224 87
d 225 86

40 which statement is not correct?
a ameson consists of three quarks.
ba proton is a baryon.
c a quark is a fundamental particle.
d_ there are six flavours (types) of quark.

Solve 9702_s22_qp_13